MFN: 826 1: SID/SCD 2: 5313 3: INPE-5313-PRE/1710 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07]528.711.7 10: Almeida Filho, Raimundo 10: Castelo Branco, Raimundo M.G. 12: Location of kimberlites using Landsat thematic mapper images and aerial photographs: the Redondao Diatreme, Brazil 14: 1449-1457 30: International Journal of Remote Sensing 31: 13 32: 8 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DSM 61: 64: May <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 87: FOTOGRAFIA AEREA 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: INDICE DE VEGETACAO 87: ROCHAS SEDIMENTARES 87: TOPOGRAFIA 88: AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 88: IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: VEGETATIVE INDEX 88: SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 88: TOPOGRAPHY 82: 83: Landsat Thematic Mapper images and aerial photographs were used in the detection of kimberlite-derived material in the Redondao test site. In this area kimberlite-derived soils show a flora constitud mainly by grasses and shrubs, which differ from the surrounding savana-prk ("cerrado")vegetation cover. Band-radio images were able to distinguish kimberlite-derived materials by enhancing areas with different vegetation covers. However, the coarse spatial resolution of Landsat TM images compared with the spatial variability shadowing effects on ratio images blurred several landscape features. To increase discrimination, Landsat Thematic Mapper ratio images were merged with digitized aerial photographs through intensity, hue and saturation (IHS)coulor transforms. The resulting merged colour composite highlighted the spatial and spectral features of the study area permitting an accurate definition of the kimberlite-derived materials within the Redondao diatreme 91: FDB-19950221 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 902 1: SID/SCD 2: 6800 3: INPE-6800-PRE/3172 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Rudorff, Bernard Friedrich Theodor 10: Mulchi, C.L. 10: Daughtry, C.S.T. 10: Lee, E.H 12: Effects of enriched carbon dioxide and azone on canopy reflectance and grain yield in winter wheat 14: 108-115 18: Technical Papers 20: 8 21: v.4 40: En 41: En 42: 53: ASPRS/ACSM/RT 92 54: 03-08 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: An experiment was conducted during the spring of 1991 at USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center to evaluate the combined effect of carbon dioxide (CO2)and ozone (O3)on remotely sensed multispectral canopy reflectante and grain yields in winter wheat (Triticum awstivum L.). Plants weregrown full-season (after dormancy to harvest)in the field in open-top chambers supplied with charcoal-filtered air (CF)or CF + 40 nl/1 O3 concentration (7 h/day, 5 days/week)having co2 concentration of ambient (3501/1)or +150 1/1 co2 (12 h2/day). The resultant seasonal 7 h O3 concentration was 19nl/l and 79 nl/lO3, for low and high O3 treatments, respectivel. Multispectral canopy reflectante was measures weekly from the early vegetative stages until maturation. The normakized difference vegation index (ND), which was used to estimate the fraction of absorbed photosynthtically active radiation (FAPAR)and absorbed PAR (APAR). Total final biomass and grain yield was obtained after harvest at physiological maturity. Tests of main effect of O3 on ND was significant from the third week of treatment until maturation. Main effect of CO2 on ND was not significant for all measurement dates. However, main effects of CO2 and O3 were significant for both biomass and grain yield. Accumulated APAR over the growing seasom was significantly lower the high-O3 treatments. Plants grown under CO2 enriched air had significantly higher conversion efficiency (E)of APAR into above gorund dry biomass tham plants grown under ambient CO2 air. Conversion efficiency was significantly lower for the O3 treatment with ambient CO2 air. High-O3 treatments had about 15 83: less grain weight than low-O3 treatments. Enriched CO2 treadtments had about 25 83: more grain weight than ambient CO2 treatments. Regression analysis showed that ND was responsible for up to 76 83: the grain yyield variation for winter wheat growing under the different air qualities. 91: FDB-19920210 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 1267 1: SID/SCD 2: 8192 3: INPE-8192-PRE/3990 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Tardin, Antonio Tebaldi 10: Assuncao, Getulio Vargas de 10: Soares, Joao Vianei 12: Analise preliminar de imagens TM visando a discriminacao de cafe, citrus e cana-de-acucar na regiao de Furnas, MG 14: 1355-1361 30: Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira 31: 27 32: 9 40: Pt 41: PtEn 42: 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: PROCESSAMENTO DE IMAGENS 87: ANALISE DE IMAGEM 87: INVENTARIODA PRODUCAO AGRICOLA 87: CAFE 87: CITRUS 87: CANA-DE-ACUCAR 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: IMAGEM LANDSAT 87: MAXIMA VEROSSIMILHANCA 87: REFLECTANCIA 88: IMAGE PROCESSING 88: IMAGE ANALYSISCOFFE 88: CITRUS TREES 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: REFLECTANCE ESPECTRAL 88: CROP IDENTIFICATION 88: CROP INVENTORIES 88: SPECTRAL RECONNAISSANCE 88: SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE 88: SUGAR CANE 88: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD 82: 83: Cafe, citrus e cana-de-acucar desempenham papel importante na economia, contribuindo na pauta dos produtos de exportacao. Furnas localizada em Minas Gerais, tem sido caracterizada por um expressivo incremento em areas plantadas. Varios trabalhos tem sido realizados para discriminar e mapear a cana-de-acucar, utilizando dados orbitais, mas pouco tem sido feito para as culturas de cafe e citrus atraves de imagens de satelite. Neste trabalho foi utilizada analise digital de dados TM correspondentes a quatro bandas. A discriminacao espectral e a classificacao das culturas foram obtidas utilizando um algoritmo de maxima verossimilhanca implementado em um sistema interativo de analise de imagens. Sao apresentados dados de matrizes de classificacao, desempenhos medios e valores de reflectancia. Os resultados na area de estudo mostraram altos indices de discriminacao entre as culturas estudadas. ABSTRACT: Coffee, citrus and sugarcane play an important role on the national economics in terms of export products. Furnas region localized in Southeastern Brazil has been characterized by an increased agricultural area, mainly for coffee plantation. Several works have been carried out in Brazil with the objective of discrimination and mapping sugarcane using satellite images, but almost nothing has been done to study coffee and citrus through orbital remote sensing data. In this paper, digital image analysis was applied to TM data, bands 3, 4, 5 and 7 which are sensitive to red (B3), and infrared (B4)and middle infrared (B5 and B7)regions. Spectral discrimination and crop classification was obtained on an interactive image processing system using a maximum likelihood algorithm. Classification matrices, average performance, and percentage of reflectance are presented for all crops and channels. Results achieved for the test site show high level of discrimination (greater than 95 83: ) among the studied crops 91: FDB-19920305 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 1375 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Rudorff, Bernardo Friedrich Theodor 10: Mulchi, C. L. 10: Lee, E. H. 10: Rowland, R. 10: Pausch, R. 12: Photosynthesis and grain yield in winter wheat grown under enriched carbon dioxide and ozone stress 14: 56 18: Agronomy Abstracts 40: En 41: En 42: 53: Amarican Society of Agronomy. 1992 Annual Meeting 54: 1-6 Nov. <1992> 56: Minneapolis 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: Field studies were conducted at USDA-ARS BARC using open-top chambers to evaluate the combined effects od ozone (O3)and carbon sioxidee (CO2), on photosunthesis (PS)and grain yise under charcoal-filtered (CF)air or CF + 40 nl 1-1 O3, aqbove a bient O3 concentration (7 h day-1,5 days week -1)in factoria combination with CO2 (12 h day-1, 7 days week-1)at ambient (350 ul 1-1)or wlwvated (500 ul 1-1)concentrations. Ps was measured on full-expanded leaves on 6 dates at five different growth stages. Test os main effects of CO2 and O3 on Ps date averaged over the six dates were highly significant. High O3 treatments had about 10 83: lower PS rates than low O3 treatments. Enriched CO2 treatments had about 15 83: more PS than ambient CO2 treatments. The interactive effect of O3, and CO2 on PS was not significant. Test od main effects of O3 ments had about 15 83: less grain weight than low O3 treatments, Enriched CO2 treatments had about 25 83: more grain weight than ambient CO2 treatments 91: FDB-19950510 92: DFB-MLR MFN: 1393 91: FDB-19930129 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Carlos Eduardo Nery 111: Icaro Vitorello 111: Luiz Alberto Vieira Dias 111: Flavio Felipe Kirchner 111: Jeronimo dos Santos Travelho 111: NASA 111: BN 111: CCRS 112: DED 112: SID 112: UPG/DPI 112: CEA 112: OBT 112: Conv. 112: Conv. 112: USA 112: RJ 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5475 3: INPE-5475-TDI/506 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]621.376.5 16: Nery, Carlos Eduardo 18: Avaliacao do interpolamento beta-spline em modelos digitais de elevacao 19: Evaluation of beta-spline interpolation in digital terrain models 20: 68 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Icaro Vitorello; Luiz Alberto Vieira Dias (orientador); Flavio Felipe Kirchner; Jeronimo dos Santos Travelho 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: jun. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: GEOPROCESSAMENTO 87: INTERPOLACAO 87: MODELOS NUMERICOS DE TERRENO 87: PROCESSAMENTO DE IMAGENS 88: DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS 88: INTERPOLATION 88: SPLINE FUNCTIONS 88: GEOPROCESSING 82: 83: O objetivo desta dissertacao e estudar o interpolador B-Spline e avaliar sua pontencia na geracao de Modelos Digitais de Elevacao. A area de estudo escolhida situa-se na periferia da cidade de Belo Horizonte, capital do Estado de Minas Gerais. A escolha da regiao deve-se unica e exclusivamente ao fato de na epoca da eleboracao deste trabalho estarem esses dados em formato digital, o que facilitou a tarefa de coleta dos dados. Devido ao inicio da pesquisa ter sido realizado em computadores do tipo PC e, posteriormente, haver a necessidade de utilizar um sistema computacional de maior porte(VAX), foram desenvolvidos dois programas em linguagens de programacao distintas - linguagem C(p/PC)e FORTRAN (p/VAX). Os resultados obtidos foram avaliados atraves do pacote estatistico STATGRAPHICS, e estes estao tambem representados graficamente de modo a ser possivel uma analise visual entre os modelos gerados e o modelo tido como verdadeiro, alem do modelo diferenca. Este ultimo, obtido pela subtracao entre o modelo verdadeiro e o modelo gerado pela interpolacao MFN: 1394 1: SID/SCD 2: 5455 3: INPE-5455-TDI/497 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7 16: Kazmierczak, Marcos Leandro 18: Estimativa de variaveis dendrometricas em florestas homogeneas a partir de dados Landsat TM 19: Dendrometric variables estimation in homogeneous forests using Landsat TM data 20: 201 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Yoshio Edemir Shimabukuro (orientador); Joao Roberto dos Santos; Jose Carlos Neves Epiphanio; Carlos Alberto Vettorazzi 58: SPG 59: SER 64: jan. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: PINUS 87: INVENTARIO FLORESTAL 87: LANDSAT 5 87: SATELITES LANDSAT 87: FLORESTAS 87: REDUCAO DE CUSTO 88: FOREST MANAGEMENT 88: FORESTS 88: LANDSAT SATELLITES 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: TIMBER INVENTORY 82: 83: A obtencao de informacoes inerentes ao crescimento e a produtividade e fundamental para o planejamento das atividades florestais, em funcao dos longos periodos de tempo envolvidos entre a implantacao e o corte final. Considerando o fato de que a obtencao destas informacoes atraves do inventario florestal tradicional representa um custo muito elevado, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para avaliar a possibilidade de se obter estimativas das variaveis dendrometricas em florestas homogeneas a partir de dados Landsat TM. A area de estudo definida para o trabalho foi a Floresta Nacional de Passo Fundo (RS), em areas de Araucaria angustifolia e Pinus sp. O inventario dos sitios naturais em funcao do tipo de solo serviu como base para o inventario florestal, fornecendo informacoes estratificadas, que foram entao correlacionadas com dados orbitais. A abordagem empregada apresentou alguns resultados promissores na estimativa de variaveis dendrometricas usuais, a partir de dados espectrais medidos pelo sensor TM (Thematic Mapper)a bordo do satelite Landsat-5. A funcao quadratica (Y = a+bX+cX ) mostrou-se como a funcao que melhor ajusta os dados nas duas especies estudadas e a banda TM5 (1,55 a 1,75 m)como a banda cuja resposta espectral se constitui na melhor variavel independente. A quantificacao de algumas variaveis de interesse pode ser feita dentro de margens de erro aceitaveis, como no caso de area basal em Pinus (8,16 83: ). As variaveis altura dominante e area basal de Araucaria e incremento medio anual em volume, altura media, area basal e idade de Pinus puderam ser estimadas com uma precisao entre 84 e 92 83: , permitindo a obtencao de informacoes preliminares com maior rapidez e menores custos 91: FDB-19920413 92: FDB-MLR 100: 13/04/92 101: D 108: 1 109: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Marcos Leandro Kazmierczak 111: Yosio Edemir Shimabukuro 111: Joao Roberto dos Santos 111: Jose Carlos Neves Epiphanio 111: Carlos Alberto Vettorazzi 111: BN 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: DED 112: SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: Conv. 112: RJ 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 22/12/92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 1395 1: SID/SCD 2: 5386 3: INPE-5386-TDI/475 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7 16: Silva Filho, Pedro Neves da 18: Processos e erros na determinacao do fator de reflectancia bidirecional e de outras grandezas radiometricas 19: Procedures and errors in the determination of the bi-directional reflectance factor and radiometric quantities 20: 166 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Jose Carlos Neves Epiphanio (orientador); Joao Vianei Soares (orientador); Antonio Roberto Formaggio; Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira Pinto; Renato Herz 58: SPG 59: SER 64: maio <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: REFLECTANCIA BIDIRECTIONAL 87: RADIOMETRIA 87: MEDIDAS 87: ERROS 88: BIDIRECIONAL REFLECTANCE 88: ERRORS 88: RADIOMETERS 83: Para varias aplicacoes do Sensoriamento Remoto e necessario determinar atraves de medidas de irradiancia e/ou radiancia o Fator de Reflectancia dos alvos de interesse. Em outras aplicacoes e suficiente medir grandezas radiometricas absolutas. No procedimento de medicao muitos erros podem ser introduzidos por falhas nas tecnicas empregadas. Atraves da medicao de radiancia, de calculo do Fator de Reflectancia Bidirecional (FRB)e do Fator de Reflectancia Refspec (FRR), os erros que alguns fatores podem introduzir nos valores das grandezas radiometricas medidas foram estudados e analisados. Os resultados encontrados mostram a necessidade de se adotar procedimentos de medicao corretos como a calibracao de placas de referencia e de radiometros; a intercalibracao de radiometros; cuidados com variacoes de irradiancia devidas as mudancas atmosferica; atencoes a presenca de alvos vizinhos; e a modificacoes da geometria de radiacao durante as medicoes 91: FDB-19920413 92: FDB-MLR 100: 13/04/92 101: D 109: 12 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Pedro Neves da S.F. 111: Jose Carlos N.E. 111: Joao V.S. 111: Antonio R.F. 111: Sergio Dos Anjos F.P. 111: Renato Herz 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BL 111: Antonio C. V. Caltabiano 112: SCD 112: SID 112: UPG/DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: Conv. 112: USA 112: Canada 112: RJ 112: Lab. Cart./UFAC 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: V 113: 04-06-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: 22.04.94 MFN: 1400 1: SID/SCD 2: 5506 3: INPE-5506-TDI/518 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]621.376.5 16: Ribeiro, Luiz Carlos Barbosa 18: Correcao de uma imagem para os efeitos atmosfericos utilizando dados de radiossonda 20: 99 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: SPG 58: DPI 59: SER 62: INPE 64: maio <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 83: A radiacao que chega a um sensor constitui-se de tres componentes: radiacao proveniente do alvo, diretamente transmitida; radiacao difusa resultante da integracao com a vizinhanca do alvo; e a radiacao difusamente espalhada pela atmosfera sem interagir com a superficie. Ao somatorio das duas ultimas componentes denomina-se radiancia de trajetoria, cujos efeitos reduzem a variabilidade espacial e espectral de uma imagem. Assim, com o objetivo de remover este efeito (nevoa), neste trabalho adaptou-se o modelo de transferencia radiativa para se obter a componente de radiacao contaminante. Para o calculo de transmitancia coletou-se parametros atmosfericos utilizando o sistema de radiossondagemMARVIN e o programa LOWTRAN-6. Um programa de computador foi desenvolvido para melhorar a qualidade das imagens utilizando os dados coletados e calculados. Foram obtidos resultados apreciaveis. 91: FDB-19940512 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 1403 18: Avaliacao e integracao de dados Landsat-TM, geofisico e geologicos atraves de tecnicas de processamento digital de imagens e sistema de informacoes geograficas 19: Assessment and integration of TM - Landsat, geophysical and geological data by digitally processed image techniques and geographical information systems 20: 207 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Juercio Tavares de Mattos (orientador); Athos Ribeiro dos Santos; Paulo Veneziani; Alvaro Penteado Crosta 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: SGI 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: SATELITES LANDSAT 87: FOTOGRAFIA AEREA 87: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: LITOLOGIA 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: PROPRIEDADES ESTRUTURAIS (GEOLOGIA) 87: MAPEAMENTO GEOLOGICO 88: GEOLOGY 88: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: IMAGE PROCESSING 88: AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 82: 83: Este trabalho aborda a avaliacao e integracao de dados geologicos, LANDSAT-TM e geofisicos (aerogamaespectrometria - U, Th, K, CT, U/Th, Th/K; aeromagnetometria - campo magnetico total; gravimetria - anomalia "Bouguer"). O objetivo e assimilar e adequar uma metodologia voltada para o mapeamento geologico, no qual a integracao dos dados e feita atraves de tecnicas de processamento digital de imagem e Sistemas de Informacoes Geograficas. Primeiramente, visando o posicionamento tectonico da area estudada, a nivel regional, foi feita a interpretacao visual sobre dados LANDSAT-TM. Posteriormente, os dados da area objeto foram colocados em estacao de trabalho atraves de compatibilizacao de formatos ou digitalizacao e foram submetidos a pre-processamento, sendo corrigidos geometricamente e registrados (georeferenciados). Os dados geofisicos foram colocados no formato "raster" e atraves da constituicao de imagens em niveis de cinza, foram aplicadas tecnicas de realce para aspectos litologicos e estruturais, tais como: ampliacao de contraste, composicao colorida, relevo sombreado, modelo digital de terreno, fatiamento e fusao ("merge")com as imagens LANDSAT-TM atraves de IHS. As imagens geradas foram analisadas e interpretada, bem como avaliadas e correlacionadas aos dados geologicos disponiveis, pretendendo extrair o maximo de informacao dos produtos utilizados. Tambem foi empregada a tecnica de analise de agrupamento (ISODATA)nos dados geofisicos e em conjunto com as imagens LANDSAT-TM. A area estudada posiciona-se nas cabeceiras do Rio Guapore (sudoeste do Mato Grosso), Craton Amazonico, cuja geologia e representada por terrenos granito-gnaissicos, rochas basicas magmaticas e metamorfolicas, sequencias metassedimentar, sedimentar e vulcano-sedimentar. Como resultado, pode-se observar que as tecnicas computacionais de integracao de dados possibilitaram uma multiplicidade de maneiras de se tratar e apresentar as informacoes geologicas, as quais mostram que os dados geofisicos no formato "raster" possuem maiores detalhes que o mapa de contorno tradicionalmente utilizado e forneceram subsidios adicionais na correlacao geologica-geofisica. Assim, pode-se verificar que unidades litologicas previamente cartografadas na area apresentaram sub-dominios, como e o caso do Granito- Gnaisse Santa Helena e a Cobertura Detritica-Lateritica. Observou-se ainda a redifinicao de possiveis contatos litologicos das unidades geologicas existentes na area trabalhada. Conclui-se que a aplicacao desta metodologia previamente a etapa de campo deve fornecer mais informacoes geologicas, o que torna bastante dirigida as observacoes de afloramentos e otimiza a etapa de campo, facilitando a obtencao de resultados dentro de um programa de levantamento geologico 101: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5440 3: INPE-5440-TDI/486 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Ferreira, Jose Carlos Garcia MFN: 3163 76: VEGETACAO 87: FLORESTAS 83: Este trabalho e dedicado a estudantes e/ou profissionais que atuarao e/ou atuam no levantamento de Recursos Naturais no qual a fotogrametria tem sido uma poderosa ferramenta. Sao apresentados os principais aspectos relacionados com a obtencao da visao estereoscopia e as relacoes entre paralaxe e a determinacao de distancias verticais mediante o uso de fotografias aereas verticais. Ainda sao apresentados algumas informacoes relacionadas com as possibilidades de obtencao da visao estereoscopia atraves dos produtos orbitais do sensor HRV do satelite SPOT 91: FDB-19920917 92: FDB-MD 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Flavio Jorge Ponzoni 111: Attilio Antonio Disperati 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DSM 112: EX. 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 08-06-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 58: DSR 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PUD 1: SID/SCD 2: 5363 3: INPE-5363-PUD/049 4: SRE 5: MP 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7 16: Ponzoni, Flavio Jorge 16: Disperati, Attilio Antonio 18: Estereoscopia e Paralaxe na Determinacao de Distancias Verticais Mediante o uso de fotografias aereas 20: 62 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E MFN: 3165 1: SID/SCD 2: 5378 3: INPE-5378-TDI/473 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7 16: Santos, Ailton Cruz 18: Simulacao de Imagens de Sensores com Largo Campo de Visada a partir de Imagens de Sensores com menor Campo de Visada- O caso SSR/TM 19: Images simulation of sensors with large field of view from images of sensors with less field of view: the SSR/TM case 20: 142 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Gerald Jean Francis Banon (orientador); Nelson Delfino d'Avila Mascarenhas; Luiz Alberto Vieira Dias; Joao Bosco Lugnani 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: mar. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: CAMPO DE VISADA 87: FILTRO 87: PROCESSAMENTO DE IMAGENS 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: SATELITES LANDSAT 88: COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION 88: FIELD OF VIEW 88: IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 88: IMAGE PROCESSING 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: ADAPTIVE FILTERS 83: Com este trabalho pretende-se a simulacao da imagem bruta obtida por um sensor orbital com largo campo de visada sob um modelo aproximado para o Satelite de Sensoriamento Remoto (SSR)da Missao Espacial completa brasileira (MECB), a partir de um conjunto de imagens obtidas por um sensor com menor campo de visada. No caso, usou-se um conjunto de imagens obtidas pelo sensor TM/Landsat, construidas com controle geometrico em uma projecao cartografica e corrigidas com pontos de controle. Utilizando-se um modelo da superficie terrestre, sao determinados os pontos na superficie correspondente a projecao do centro de cada detentor (em coordenadas geodesicas-latitude e longitude). Os valores dos pixels da imagem com largo campo de visada sao calculados a partir dos valores dos pixels da imagem TM vizinhos a estes pontos. Este calculo e feito empregando-se um filtro de simulacao adaptativo. Os resultados mostram-se satisfatorios considerando-se o aspecto geometrico sob o qual foi desenvolvido o presente trabalho 91: FDB-19920928 92: FDB-DMF 101: D 109: 08 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: Ailton C.Santos 111: Gerald J.F.Banon 111: Nelson D.d'Avila M. 111: Luiz Alberto V.Dias 111: Joao B.Lugnani 111: NASA 111: BL 111: Ana L. Candeias 112: SCD 112: SID 112: UPG/DSM 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: OBT 112: Conv. 112: USA 112: RJ 112: SPG 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: V 113: 04-06-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: 15.09.93 MFN: 3167 1: SID/SCD 2: 5391 3: INPE-5391-TAE/012 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]621.376.5 16: Barrera, Junior 18: Uma abordagem unificada para problemas de visao Computacional: A Morfologia Matematica 20: 250 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 50: Escola Politecnica USP-Departamento de Engenharia Eletronica 51: Doutor 58: DPI 62: INPE 64: maio <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TAE 90: b 83: O conceito de Linguagem Morfologica (LM)e definido: um numero finito de reticulados completos; os operadores de infinito e supremo em cada um destes reticulados; os mapeamentos de erosao, dilatada, anti-erosao e anti-dilatacao internos a cada reticulado, assim como, entre reticulados distintos. A implementacao de uma LM e chamada Maquina Morfologica (MQM). Uma MQM particular foi definida e usada para solucionar dois problemas reais de Visao Computacional: restauracao do efeito de listras em imagens do satelite SPOT e um estudo de proliferacao celular, atraves da analise de imagens microscopicas de cortes de tecido de doentes de AIDS. Prova-se que a LM e capaz de descrever qualquer mapeamento entre reticulares completos, pela apresentacao de duas decomposicoes canonicas. As decomposicoes proposta sao obtidas pela indroducao do conceito de conexao morfologica, que estende a nocao de conexao de Galois. As definicoes de mapeamento sup-gerador, nucleo e base, dentro do dominio dos reticulados completos, sao dadas. As decomposicoes sao construidas analisando o nucleo e podem ser simplificada a partir da base. Os resultados sao especializados para os casos de mapeamentos inf-separaveis, crescentes e decrescente, assim como, para reticulados que possuem uma familia sup-geradora. As decomposicoes apresentadas sao duais. Alguns exemplos, incluindo o caso de simplificacoes de funcoes Booleanas, Ilustram os conceitos chaves e as expressoes de decomposicao 91: FDB-19920929 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 109: 16 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: Junior Barrera 111: Secretaria 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: Jean Serra 111: Alejandro C.F.Orgambide 111: Antonio Machado 111: Fernando Meyer 111: Pierre Soille 111: Luc Vincent 111: Banon 111: Ana L. Candeias 111: G. Banon 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: USA 112: RJ 112: Univ.Barcelona 112: INPE 112: IBM 112: Ecole des Mines Paris 112: Univ.Austraria 112: XEROX 112: DPI 112: SPG 112: DPI 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: I 120: V 120: I 113: 29-07-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: 19.04.93 113: 14.04.93 113: 20.02.94 MFN: 3168 1: SID/SCD 2: 5381 3: INPE-5381-PRP/165 4: SRE 5: MP 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:711.2 16: Kurkdjian, Maria de Lourdes Neves de Oliveira 16: Valerio Filho, M.V. 16: Veneziani, P. 16: Pereira, M.N. 16: Florenzano, T.G. 16: Anjos, Celio Eustaquio dos 16: Ohara, T. 16: Donzeli, P.L. 16: Abdon, Myrian de Moura 16: Sausen, Tania Maria 16: Pinto, Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira 16: Bertoldo, Mathilde Aparecida 16: Blanco, J.C. 16: Czordas, S.M. 18: Macrozoneamento da Regiao do Vale do Paraiba e Litoral Norte do estado de SP 20: 176 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 58: DSM 59: MAVALE 62: INPE 64: jun. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRP 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: MEIO AMBIENTE 87: PLANEJAMENTO REGIONAL 87: PANEJAMENTO URBANO 82: 82: 82: 83: Este projeto visou alcancar dois objetivos principais: a)dar suporte ao Consorsio de Municipios na atualizacao de diretrizes de ordenamento do uso do solo que contribuam ao desenvolvimento harmonico e sustentado da Regiao; b)colocar a disposicao da comunidade tecnico-cientifica do Pais uma metedologia de planejamento regional baseada no uso de dados de Sensoriamento Remoto orbital. Desde outubro de 1989 uma equipe de especialista do INPE esteve trabalhando arduamente para alcancar estes objetivos. Nesta tarefa contou com a colaboracao expressiva de outras Instituicoes que atuam na regiao. Este relatorio apresenta, juntamente com o Atlas que acompanha, aos resultados obtidos pelo Projeto. Na certeza de termos cumprido nosso papel e na expectativa de que estes resultados contribuam efetivamente para o desenvolvimento regional e para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da populacao residente, entrego hoje estes produtos a comunidade 91: FDB-19910929 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 108: 02 109: 17 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 6 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: Maria de Lourdes N.O.K. 111: Mario V.Filho 111: Paulo Veneziani 111: Madalena N.Pereira 111: Teresa G.Florenzano 111: Celio E.A. 111: Tomoyuki O. 111: Pedro L.D. 111: Myriam Abdon 111: Tania Sausen 111: Sergio A.F.P 111: Mathilde A.B. 111: Juana G.Blanco 111: Sonia M.Czordas 111: Joao dos S.V.Silva 111: Newzon J.Zerbini 111: Celina Foresti 111: Maria Isabel S.E. 111: Roberto Rosa 111: Imagem S.R. 111: Ricardo Vagner 111: Carlos Eduardo R.Salles 111: Maria de Lourdes 111: IMBEL 111: Cesp 111: Maria S.Fierro 111: Library of Congress Office 111: Maria A.T. Leme 111: Roberto P. Cunha 111: CESP 112: SCD 112: SID 112: USA 112: Canada 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DMS 112: DMS 112: DMS 112: CODIVAP 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: CODIVAP 112: CODIVAP 112: CODIVAP 112: UPG/SERE 112: UNESP 112: DPI 112: UFV 112: S.J.Campos 112: COPPE/UFRJ 112: LCP 112: INPE 112: Piquete 112: Cesp 112: IPT 112: RJ 112: USP/PCLQ/DIBO 112: GRI 112: Sao Paulo 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: V 120: V 120: V 120: V 120: V 120: V 120: V 120: D 120: I 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 08-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: 10-09-92 113: 30-09-92 113: 14-10-92 113: 27-11-92 113: 10-12-92 113: 14-12-92 113: 18-12-92 113: 01-12-92 113: 19-11-92 113: 28.10.93 113: 24.03.94 113: 24.03.94 113: 04.04.94 113: 28.04.94 113: 23.03.94 113: 24.03.94 MFN: 3170 1: SID/SCD 2: 5407 3: INPE-5407-PUD/051 4: SRE 5: MP 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7 16: Ponzoni,Flavio Jorge 16: Takao,Inoe Mario 18: Alteracoes na reflectancia de folhas "ex situ": uma abordagem metodologica 20: 57 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 58: DSR 62: INPE 64: jun. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PUD 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 83: Sao apresentados os aspectos fundamentais da interacao da radiacao eletromagnetica com folhas isoladas, bem como dos procedimentos convencionais adotados no estudo dessa interacao. E descrito um experimento conduzido com folhas de Eucalipto e aciculas de Araucaria enfatizando as metodologias empregadas na coleta e registro da reflectancia, considerando a extracao desses materiais da planta 91: FDB-19920929 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Flavio Jorge Panzoni 111: Mario Takao Inoe 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: SCD/SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 28-07-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 3172 1: SID/SCD 2: 5382 3: INPE-5382-RPQ/657 4: SRE 5: mp 6: m 7: [07]551.508.82 16: Di Lascio,Marco A. 16: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 18: Alguns aspectos sobre o uso de Imagens de Satelites Meteorologicos Geostacionarios para estimativa de precipitacao utilizando o sistema GOES-SISCO em tempo Real 20: 78 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 58: DSM 59: APSAT-PRECIP 62: INPE 64: mar. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: RPQ 90: b 83: Este trabalho mostra que e possivel com as imagens do satelite GOES e o equipamento de recepcao e processamento SITIM-SISCO do DME (ex-Departamento de Meteorologia)no INPE, estimar em tempo-real tanto a probabilidade de ocorrencia de precipitacao associada a nuvens convectivas (com 50 83: de acerto)com o seu volume (com um coeficiente de correlacao de 0,73 entre os valores previstos e os reais). Devido as limitacoes do computador, a aplicacao das tecnicas aqui desenvolvidas fica restrita a uma area de no maximo 10 6Km2 91: FDB-19920929 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 109: 09 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Marco A.Di Lascio 111: Alberto W.Setzer 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 19-05-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 3178 1: SID/SCD 2: 5426 3: INPE-5426-TDI/483 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:63 16: Valeriano, Marcio de Morisson 18: Reflectancia Espectral do trigo irrigado (Triticum Aestivum,L.)por Espectrorradiometria de campo e aplicacao do modelo SAIL 19: Field spectroradiometry and sail model application to irrigated wheat (triticum aestivum, L)canopies spectral refletance 20: 149 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Jose Carlos Neves Epiphanio; Eduardo Delgado Assad (orientador); Jose da Silva Madeira Netto; Antonio Roberto Formaggio 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: maio <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: IRRIGACAO 87: INDICE DE AREA FOLIAR 87: REFLECTANCIA ESPECTRAL 87: SPECTRORRADIOMETRO 87: ANALISE ESPECTRAL 87: TRIGO 87: AGRICULTURA 88: AGRONOMIY 88: EMISSSION SPECTRA 88: IRRIGATION 88: LEAF AREA INDEX 88: SPECTRAL REFLECTACE 88: SPECTRORADIOMETERS 88: SPECTRUM ANALYSISI 88: WHEAT 83: A reflectancia espectral de dosseis de trigo (Triticum aestivum,L.)foi analisada em funcao de suas variaveis biofisicas, baseando-se em dados experimentais e em resultados do modelo SAIL, cujo potencial na investigacao destas relacoes foi avaliado. O modelo SAIL calcula a reflectancia da vegetacao a partir de parametros biofisicos e espectrais do dossel e de parametros relativos a geometria de iluminacao/observacao. Os dados referem-se a 7 cultivares em 14 parcelas amostrais, localizadas em Planaltina (DF), sob manejo e irrigacao uniformes. As medidas feitas com espectrorradiometro abrangeram regioes do visivel e do infravermelho proximo do espectro eletromagnetico (de 547 a 823nm)e foram acompanhadas de levantamentos de dados agronomicos efetuados em 13 epocas ao longo do ciclo de desenvolvimento (maio a setembro de 1989). As reflectancias do vermelho e do infravermelho proximo mostraram-se muito relacionadas ao IAF, atraves de regressao logaritmica, principalmente antes do IAF maximo. As variaveis levantadas no experimento foram aplicadas no modelo apos serem complementadas por dados da literatura e as simulacoes tiveram comportamento semelhante ao dos daos observados. Os dados espectrais dos componentes de dossel foram considerados fundamentais como base quantitativa para estudos sobre as relacoes espectro-agronomicas 91: FDB-19920930 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Marcio M.Valeriano 111: Jose C.N.Epiphanio 111: Eduardo D.Assad 111: Jose S.M.Netto 111: Antonio R.Formaggio 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BL 112: SCD 112: SID 112: UPG 112: DSM 112: Conv. 112: Conv. 112: DSM 112: USA 112: Canada 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 01-09-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 3184 1: SID/SCD 2: 5450 3: INPE-5450-RPQ/663 4: SRE 5: MP 6: m 7: [07] 16: Moreira, Mauricio Alves 18: Analise de dados do LANDSAT-TM e do SPOT/Xs atraves de indices vegetacao fase II 20: 28 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 58: DSR 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: RPQ 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 83: Este trabalho tem como objetivo dar continuidade aos estudos de avaliacao dos indices de vegetacao (Razao Simples-RS, Diferenca Normalizada-ND e Indice de Vegetacao Transformado-TVI)obtidos sobre as culturas da soja e do milho, atraves de dados digitais do LANDSAT/TM e do SPOT/XS (adquiridos em 01/02/92). Para isso, utilizou-se uma amostra de area com 20 unidades (3,6 ha cada unidade)alocada em ambas as culturas. A area de estudo localiza-se a sudeste do Distrito Federal. Os indices de vegetacao foram obtidos a partir dos dados originais (dados expressos em niveis de cinza)e da transformacao dos dados em reflectancia aparente. Os metodos estatisticos empregados para avaliar os resultados obtidos foram: analise de correlacao e o teste "t" para pares de observacao. De acordo com os resultados desta pesquisa, conclui-se que: a)os resultados da transformacao dos dados do SPOT/XS em reflectancia aparente foram bastante diferentes dos provenientes do LANDSAT/TM; b)indices de vegetacao iguais, obtidos de sensores diferentes, foram bastante correlacionados entre si, independentemente da cultura estudada, com excecao do TVI obtido com dados corrigidos dos efeitos atmosferico; e c)apesar da boa correlacao, estatisticamente sao diferentes, independentemente da abordagem considerada 91: FDB-1992 92: FDB-MDF 101: D MFN: 3187 1: SID/SCD 2: 5441 3: INPE-5441-TDI/487 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7 16: Escada, Maria Isabel Sobral 18: Utilizacao de Tecnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto para o Planejamento de Espacos Livres Urbanos de uso coletivo 19: Utilization of remote sensing technologies for public urban recreation open space planning 20: 122 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Maria de Lourdes N. O. Kurkdjian (orientadora); Felisberto Cavalheiro; Celina Foresti; Maria Suelena Santiago Barros; Diogenes Salas Alves 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: fev. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: PLANEJAMENTO URBANO 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: ESPACOS LIVRES 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: SATELITES LANDSAT 87: SIG 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: DADOS CARTOGRAFICOS 87: FOTOGRAFIA AEREA 87: RECREACAO 87: CONSERVACAO 87: MODELAGEM 87: MODELOS NUMERICOS DE TERRENO 88: MATHEMATICAL MODELS 88: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS 88: SPACE PLANNING 88: URBAN PLANNING 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 82: 83: Foi elaborado uma metodologia para o planejamento de espacos livres urbanos de uso coletivo utilizando um Modelo Matematico, um Banco de Dados e um Sistema Geografico de Informacoes. Este trabalho abordou dois tipo de espacos livres: recreacionais e de conservacao. Considerando a caracteristica dimensional das categorias de espacos livres abordadas, diferentes tipos de dados foram utilizadas: dados cartograficos, dados orbitais TM/LANDSAT e fotografias aereas pancromaticas na escala 1:10.000. As Unidades de Conservacao foram mapeadas utilizando-se parametros da legislacao. Para o planejamento dos espacos livres recreacionais a cidade foi dividida em setores residenciais homogeneos atraves da analise de elementos texturais de fotografia aerea. Os terrenos publicos foram analisados e um Banco de Dados foi desenvolvido para armazenagem, manipulacao e atualizacao dos dados, e para realizar a avaliacao, atraves de um Modelo Matematico, de cada area para a localizacao de diferentes tipos de equipamentos. Este Banco de Dados foi integrado a um SIG fornecendo uma visao da distribuicao espacial dos espacos livres dentro da estrutura urbana. A metodologia mostrou-se util para o planejamento da rede de espacos livres de Sao Jose dos Campos e pode ser testada para outras localidades ou para outros temas, com pequenas modificacoes do modelo 91: FDB-19920510 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 108: 02 109: 04 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Maria I.S.Escada 111: Maria de L.N.O.Kurkdjian 111: Felisberto C. 111: Celina Foresti 111: Maria S.S.Barros 111: Diogenes S.Alves 112: SCD 112: SID 112: UPG 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D MFN: 3189 76: VEGETACAO 87: ECOSSISTEMAS 87: INDICE DE AREA FOLIAR 87: FLORESTAS 87: BIOGEOQUIMICA 87: MODELOS 87: CARBONO 87: CLASSIFICACAO DE IMAGENS 88: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 88: CARBON CYCLE 88: CONIFERS 88: ECOSYSTEMS 88: ENVIRONMENTAL MODELS 88: HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE 88: LEAF AREA INDEX 88: RAIN FOREST 88: IMAGE CLASSIFICATION 88: VEGETATION 88: CONIFERAS 83: Este trabalho tem por objetivo testar e avaliar o potencial de utilizacao de um modelo biogeoquimico regional para representar os principais processos do ciclo hidrologico e do carbono de ecossistemas florestais de coniferas, existentes em tres estados brasileiros, submetidos a condicoes ambientais contrastes. Este modelo, denominado Forecos, tem como principal variavel de entrada o indice de area foliar (IAF)que e um dos parametros mais importantes na qualificacao de trocas de energia e massa de ecossistemas florestais. O IAF pode ser estimado por sensores remotos orbitais, pois e a variavel estrutural da vegetacao mais correlacionada com os indices de vegetacao que sao obtidos a partir de dados espectrais de imagens de satelites. Assim sendo, realizou-se o teste de sensibilidade das variaveis do modelo e a simulacao dos valores de IAF. Realizou-se tambem a classificacao digital de imagens indice de vegetacao com o objetivo de obter padroes de mapeamento desses indices que devem refletir variacoes nos valores de IAF embora valores absolutos nao possam ser estimados nesta etapa do trabalho. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o modelo, quando rodado de uma maneira geral, foi capaz de retratar diferencas relativas entre os processos basicos do ciclos hidrologico e do carbono. O modelo conseguiu tambem descrever quantitativamente as interacoes entre os fatores ambientais de cada area teste com o processos fisicos e biologicos que ocorreram nos ecossistemas florestais selecionados. Entretanto, a modelagem de alguns processos necessita ser revista ou ajustada e a validacao final do modelo requer medidas especificas de alguns parametros e condicoes iniciais. Os resultados obtidos nas classificacoes de imagens digitais sugerem uma homogeneidade nos valores de IAF para as areas teste o que, de certa forma, valida a utilizacao de um unico valor de IAF na simulacao realizada 101: D 58: Banca: Joao Vianei Soares (orientador); Carlos Afonso Nobre; Getulio Teixeira Batista; Reynaldo Luiz Victoria 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: julho <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 18: Perspectivas de Estimativa dos Balancos Anuais Hidrico e de Carbono em Ecossistemas Florestais a partir de um modelo Biogeoquimico Florestal associado a Tecnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto Orbital 19: On the computation of carbon and water cycles in forest ecosystems using a biogeochemical model and remotely sensed data 20: 165 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 1: SID/SCD 2: 5443 3: INPE-5443-TDI/489 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Chaves, Marcelo de Avila MFN: 3190 101: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5444 3: INPE-5444-TDI/490 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Brito, Jorge Luiz Silva 18: Estimativas da temperatura e umidade do dossel na Floresta Amazonica, utilizando dados de microondas do sensor SMMR do satelite Nimbus-7 19: Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite 20: 113 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Nelson Jesus Ferreira (orientador); Jesus Marden dos Santos (orientador); Getulio Teixeira Batista; Hermann Johann Heinrich Kux; Hilton Thadeu Zarate do Couto 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 87: TEMPERATURA ATMOSFERICA 87: DOSSEL (VEGETACAO) 87: HUMIDADE 87: FLORESTAS 87: MICROONDAS 87: NIMBUS-7 87: SATELITES NIMBUS 87: VARIACAO ANUAL 87: CLIMATOLOGIA 88: ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE 88: BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE 88: CANOPIES (VEGETATION) 88: HUMIDITY 88: MICROWAVES EMISSION 88: MICROWAVES RADIOMETERS 88: ANNUAL VARIATION 88: CLIMATOLOGIA 82: 83: Obtiveram-se estimativas de umidade e temperatura da cobertura vegetal em mata de terra firme da regiao de Manaus (3o S, 60o W), durante as estacoes umida (abril/maio)e seca (julho/agosto)de 1985, as 12:00 e 24:00 horas local, a partir de dados radiometricos de microondas medidos por satelite, em conjunto com modelos de emissao de microondas. Os dados de satelite consistem em temperaturas de brilho corrigidas do sensor SMMR (Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer)do satelite Nimbus-7, nas frequencias de 6.6, 10.7, 18.0 e 37.0 GHz. Para modelar o sinal emitido pela cobertura vegetal, foram utilizados dois modelos numericos: o modelo discreto, que calcula os coeficientes de espalhamento e a absorcao de cada bioelemento da cobertura vegetal (troncos, galhos e folhas), e o modelo continuo, que usa uma descricao estatistica das propriedades dieletricas do dossel. Foram utilizados dados micrometeorologicos obtidos pelos experimentos GTE/ABLE-2A (Global Tropospheric Experiment/Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment 2A)e ARME (Anglo-Brasilian Amazon Region Micrometeorological Experiment), realizados na Reserva Florestal Ducke (2o, 57'S, 59o57'W). Fez-se tambem um estudo de sensibilidade dos modelos com o objetivo de avaliar a influencia dos parametros de umidade, gradiente de temperatura e biomassa da cobertura vegetal, na temperatura de brilho simulada pelos modelos. O teste de sensibilidade indicou que ha necessidade de usar a frequencia de 37.0 GHz e as baixas frequencias para proceder a inversao dos parametros de estrutura, umidade e temperatura. Os valores de umidade, obtidos atraves da inversao do modelo continuo, foram coerentes com os obtidos por outros autores em experimentos de campo na regiao de estudo. Definiu-se um indice de umidade (diferenca normalizada da umidade otimista nas frequencias de 37.0 e 6.6 GHz)que se apresentou como um bom indicador da resistencia estomatica da vegetacao MFN: 3191 1: SID/SCD 2: 5424 3: INPE-5424-PRP/172 4: SRE 5: MP 6: m 7: [07] 16: Epiphanio, Jose Carlos Neves 16: Formaggio,Antonio Roberto 16: Valeriano,Marcio de Morisson 16: Oliveira,Joao Bertoldo 18: Comportamento Espectral de Solos do Estado de Sao Paulo 20: 134 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: E 58: DSR 59: CESOLO 62: INPE 64: jun. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: RPQ 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: O conhecimento do comportamento espectral dos solos e fator de importancia para que os produtos de sensores remotos possam ser utilizados de maneira mais eficiente. Diante da inexistencia de um estudo sistematico do comportamento espectral dos solos de regioes tropicais na faixa espectral de 400 a 2500nm e que se realizou este trabalho. O objtivo foi fazer um levantamento dos fatores de reflectancia bidirecional de 111 amostras de solos selecionados, agrupadas em 14 classes de solos, num total de 54 perfis. A cada uma destas amostras correspondente um conjunto de dados de analises quimicas e fisicas. Parte desses perfis encontram-se descritos em memoriais descritivos de levantamento de solos ja publicados. A partir desses dados, foi feita uma discussao sobre suas interrelacoes. Para as medidas de reflectancia bidirecional foi utilizado o espectrorradiometro IRIS, com capacidade de fazer leituras na regiao de 400 a 2500nm do espectro eletromagnetico. Ainda com base na curva espectral, foram determinados os atributos da cor de cada amostra (brilho, matiz, saturacao, e comprimento de onda dominante)Alem das analises das caracteristicas fisico-quimicas realizou-se um experimento avaliando a influencia da umidade sobre o comportamento espectral de amostras selecionadas. Paralelamente sao apresentadas pranchas coloridas onde e possivel ter ideia da condicao superficial das amostras 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: ! 110: 1 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: Jose C. Epiphanio 111: Antonio R. Formaggio 111: Bertoldo Oliveira 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: UEMA 111: Edilberto Souza 111: Carlos J. Souza 111: Papblo Vidal 111: Fund. U. E. Maringa 111: Fund. Est. Agr. L. Queiroz 112: DED 112: SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: ? 112: USA 112: Canada MA 112: FUNCATE 112: SPG 112: ESALQ 112: Maringa 112: Piracicaba 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: V 120: V 120: D 120: D 120: V 113: 11.11.92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: 07-12-92 113: 13.04.93 113: 24.06.93 113: 03.08.93 113: 05.08.93 113: 18.05.94 MFN: 3635 91: FDB-19970707 92: FDB-MLR 1: SID/SCD 2: 6333 3: INPE-6333-PRE/2421 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Holvorcem, Paulo R. 10: Vianna, Marcio Luis 12: Integral equation approach to tropical ocean dynamics: Part II - Rossby wave scattering from the equatorial Atlantic western boundary 14: 33-61 30: Journal of Marine Reseach 31: 50 32: : 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: We develop a linear theory for the scattering of equatorial waves of a fixed frequency by islands and continental margins of arbitrary geometry by use of the boundary integral equation (BIE)method of Vianna and Holvorcem (Part I of this work). All the solutions of the equatorial -plane dispersion relations at frequency are treated explicitly through the extensive use of exact Green's functions, so that the approach is more general and more rigorous than previous attempts to solve equatorial scattering problems, many of which employ the low-frequency and long-wave approximations. The numerical solution of the BIE is obtained through application of the boundary element method. A numerical study of the scattering of Rossby waves with periods between 50 and 90 days from the equatorial Atlantic western boundary is presented. Some of the resulting interference patterns exhibit a sharp amplitude maximum, whose center lies between 3-9N, 35-47W. The position, width and intensity of this maximum all depend on wave period. We find evidences that this maximum arises from the superposition of zonally damped equatorial modes (evanescent waves)excited at the western boundary. The largest pressure amplitudes along the boundary are found in the southern hemisphere between the Equator and 5S. The phase propagation along the boundary is generally northwestward, except at a few positions where the phase is stationary. We discuss similarities and differences between the calculated responses and observations of intraseasonal oscillations in the tropical Atlantic Ocean MFN: 6042 1: SID/SCD 2: 5302 3: INPE-5302-PRE/1707 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07]621.376.5 10: Bustos, Oscar H. 10: Frery, Alejandro Cesar Orgambide 12: A contribution to the study of Markovian degradated images: an extension of a theorem by geman and german 14: 17-29 30: Mathematica Aplicada e Computacional 31: 11 32: 1 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DPI 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: Desenvloveu-se este trabalho experimental visando o estudo das caracteristicas do desempenho do combustor pulsante tipo tubo de Rijke operado com g s. O combust¡vel utilizado foi o GLP. A combustor, foi diversificada da seguinte forma: queimador sem os tubos de distribuicao, distribuidor sem grade, distribuidor com grade e leito de esferas de argila expandida. Atingiram-se os mais elevados niveis de amplitudes de pressao acustica, operando-se com o leito de esferas, obtendo-se, no centro do tubo a maxima amplitude de pressao igual a 44 mBar. As frequencias de oscilacoes acusticas variaram de 66 a 78 Hz. Observou-se a possibilidade de se atingir frequencias iguais as obtidas em queimadas de solidos e liquidos no mesmo combustor 91: 9110 MFN: 6064 18: Tecnicas para medidas de qualidade de uma imagem 20: 13 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 58: DMC 62: INPE 64: mar. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: NTC 90: b 83: Medidas quantitativas da qualidade de uma imagen processada digitalmente procuram refletir o julgamento subjetivo feito por humanos. Este trabalho pretende discutir algumas destas tecnicas desde as mais simples ate aquelas que levam em conta a modelagem do sistema de visao humano; sao mostradas tecnicas para medidas da qualidade de imagens monocromaticas. Ao final do trabalho e mostrado um exemplo de aplicacao retirado da literatura 91: FDB-19921910 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Secretaria 111: Otavio S.C.Durao 111: NASA 111: BN 111: CCRS 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: USA 112: RJ 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 30-03-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 1: SID/SCD 2: 5362 3: INPE-5362-NTC/302 4: SRE 5: PM 6: m 7: [o7]621.375.5 16: Durao, Otavio Santos Cupertino MFN: 6087 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Silva Jr., C.L. 10: Kampel, M 12: Caracteriza‡Æo de estruturas termais superficiais na costa sudeste do Brasil a partir de imagens AVHRR/NOAA 53: Semana de Oceanografia, 5 54: 18-23 out.<1992> 56: Rio Grande 57: BR 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 76: OCEANOGRAFIA 91: 7611 MFN: 6273 18: Proceedings 20: 10 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Conference on use of Computers in Scientific and Technical Research, 2 54: <1992> 56: Argentina 58: DPI 59: PRIMA 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: In this paper we present some simulation results about the convergence properties of one of the available methods to simulate Markovian fields: the Swendsen-Wang algorithm. We use the observed values of the mean magnetization, the pseudo-likehood estimates, the observed short and long range correlations and the number of connected subgraphs to study the problems associated with the stopping time of the algorithm for different values of the parameter. KEY WORDS: graph teory, Markovian fields, Swendsen-Wang dynamics 91: FDB-19922310 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Secretaria 111: Alejandro C.F. 111: Mauricio Marengoni 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 20-05-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 1: SID/SCD 2: 5394 3: INPE-5394-PRE/1752 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07]621.376.5 10: Frery, Alejandro Cesar Orgambide 10: Marengoni, Mauricio 12: The swendsen - wang dynamics in the simulation of the ising model 14: 98-107 MFN: 6278 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Conference on use of Computers in Scientific and Technical Research, 2 58: DPI 59: PRIMA 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: Markovian fields are useful stochastic models for the statistical treatment of digitized imagens, among other applications. In this paper we present some simulation results about the convergence properties of one of the available methods to simulate Markovian fields: the Gibbs sampler. We use the observed values of the mean magnetization, the pseudo-likehood estimates and the observed short and long range correlations to study the problems associated with the stopping time of the algorithm for different values of the parameter. KEY WORDS: digital image modelling, Gibbs sampler, graph teory, Ising model, Markovian fields, pseudo-likehood estimation 91: FDB-19921022 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Secretaria 111: Oscar H.Bustos 111: Alejandro C.F. 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 20-05-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 1: SID/SCD 2: 5395 3: INPE-5395-PRE/1753 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07]621.376.5 10: Bustos, Oscar H. 10: Frery, Alejandro Cesar Orgambide 12: Markovian fields as limits of markovcains 14: 13 MFN: 6279 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 21: v.29,ptB3 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 3 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DPI 59: PRIMA 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: We present some Monte Carlo results about the spatial distribution of the Control Points used in the geocodification of satellite imagens in Brazilian Amazonas. This information aims at stablishing criteria for the choice of number, quality and spatial distribution of Control Points (CPs)to be used in image matching techiques. Some theory about the statistical analyses os spatial point patterns is recalled, as an aid to a future formulation of this problem in terms of an experiments desing problem. KEY WORDS: Accuracy, Algorithm, Image Matching, Image Processing, Registration, Simulation, Theory 91: FDB-19922310 92: FDB-MDF 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Secretaria 111: Ricardo Vergara 111: Alejandro C.F. 111: Julio D'Alge 111: NASA 111: CCRS 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: USA 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5413 3: INPE-5413-PRE/1760 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Vergara, Oscar Ricardo 10: Frery, Alejandro C. Orgambide 10: D'Alge, Julio Cesar de Lima 12: Spatial distribution of control points 14: 109-112 MFN: 6280 1: SID/SCD 2: 5421 3: INPE-5421-PRE/1763 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Sausen, Tania Maria 12: Brazilian remote sensing community: historical, geographical economic aspects 14: 139-143 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 5 21: v.29PB6 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 3 54: 02-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: The National Institute of Space Research (INPE)is a Brazilian research and development organization which has been working on Remote Sensing for more than 23 years. One of INPE's main concern is the transfer of techonoly to different users in Brazil and abroad. This is done through remote sensing courses, training orientation, seminars, lectures and a specialization program. The Remote Sensing Transfer of Technology activities at INPE are performed by the Remote Sensing and Space Meteorology Division. The activites are usually offered to the following application areas: agriculture, vegetation, water quality, environmental analysis, land use, geology, geomorfology, digital image processing, GIS, etc. The objective of this paper is to give some information about training opportunities in Remote Sensing at INPE/Brazil 91: FDB-19921022 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Secretaria 111: Tania Maria Sausen 111: NASA 111: CCRSTania Maria Sausen 111: Roberto Cunha 112: SCD 112: SID 112: DED 112: DED 112: USA 112: Canada 112: DED 112: Cri 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: I 120: I 113: 20-08-92 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: 09-11-92 113: 16-12-92 MFN: 6283 1: SID/SCD 2: 7271 3: INPE-7271-PRE/3192 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12: Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia 14: 35-36 30: Revista SELPER 31: 2 32: 2 40: En 41: En 42: 62: INPE 64: JUN.<1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: DESFLORESTAMENTO 87: FLORESTAS 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 82: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens, 5 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: DPI 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 76: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: RADAR DE ABERTURA SINTETICA 87: SAR 83: A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)imaging process is analyzed in detail, taking into consideration its parameters and the geometry and reflectivity properties of the scene illuminated by the radar antenna. The point spread function, which is the image generated by an ideal point target, is determined and the theoretical results are compared with a corner reflection image generated at INPE from the data collected by the E-SAR system of the German Space Agency DLR MFN: 6285 1: SID/SCD 2: 7838 3: INPE-7838-PRE/3678 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino D'Avila 10: Furuie, Sergio S. 10: Portal, Angel L.S. 12: Novos metodos de reconstrucao de imagens tomograficas com ruido Poisson por pre-processamento das projecoes 14: 55-62 18: Anais 20: 9 40: Pt 41: En 42: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens, 5 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: DPI 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: In a previous work [1,2], Furuie and Mascarenhas proposed a number of reconstruction techniques for emission computed tomography of the PET type (Positron Emission Tomography), based on filtering the Poisson noise of the one dimensional projections, followed by the use of conventional fast algorithms, like convolution-back projection. The purpose of this work is to refine the one dimensional projections estimation techniques previously proposed, by taking into account the correlation between points in the non-noisy one dimensional projections, both on the filtering and on the parameter estimation procedures MFN: 6286 1: SID/SCD 2: 5464 3: INPE-5464-PRE/1772 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Frery, Alejandro Cesar Orgambide 10: Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino D'Avila 12: Segmentacao Binaria de Imagens SAR pelo Algoritmo ICM 14: 73-80 18: Anais 20: 9 40: Pt 41: En 42: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens, 5 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: DPI 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 76: RECONHECIMENTO DE PADROES 87: ALGORITMOS 87: SEGMENTACAO 83: We present a derivation and an implementation of the ICM (Iterated Conditional Modes)algorithm for the binary segmentation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)images contaminated by a signal-dependent noise called "speckle". The ICM algorithm is based on the modelling of the "apriori" distribution under the Markov Random Fields framework. The obtained results with real SAR images display a significant improvement with respect to the pixel-by-pixel maximum likelihood classification, at a reasonable computational cost, with the incorporation of the spatial context 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Alejandro C. Frery 111: Nelson D. A. Mascarenhas 111: Secretaria 111: NASA 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: USA 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 02/02/93 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 6287 1: SID/SCD 2: 6792 3: INPE-6792-PRE/3165 4: SRE 5: Mc 6: am 7: [07] 10: Camara Neto, Gilberto 10: Souza, Ricardo Cartaxo Modesto de 10: Freitas, Ubirajara de Moura 10: CasaNova, Marco Antonio 12: Spring: Processamento de Imagens e Dados Georeferenciados 14: 233-242 18: Anais 20: 10 40: Pt 41: En 42: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens,5 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: DPI 61: 62: INPE 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOPROCESSAMENTO 87: SISTEMA DE PROCESSAMENTO DE INFORMACOES GEORREFERENCIADAS 83: This work describes the SPRING system, an object-oriented GIS for UNIX workstations, developed using the C++ language and the X Window System and integrated with a data base environment. SPRING is based on a general data model which breaks the raster-vector dichotomy, and provides the user with a unifield view of data. SPRING is being developed by INPE, with important support from EMBRAPA (Brazil's Agricultural Research Agency)and the IBM Rio Scientific Centre MFN: 6288 1: SID/SCD 2: 6798 3: INPE-6798-PRE/3170 4: SRE 5: Mc 6: am 7: [07] 10: Battaiola, Andre Luiz 12: Implementacao de um algoritmo vetorizado para a geracao de superficies tridimensionais 14: 145-154 18: Anais 20: 10 40: Pt 41: En 42: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao-SBC 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: CPT 61: 62: INPE 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 76: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: ALGORITMOS 83: Nowadays, with the great increasing of the computers processing power, weather forecast could be possible and it's very important for the comunity. Normally, the meteorologist works with great data sets, so the graphics representation of these data associated with satelite or radar images are important resources to study the climate behavior. In that way, systems of meteorological data visualization have proved that they are important tools for the meteorologists. The author, based in the knowledge obtained working in the INPE project to implement the system of meteorological data visualization MicroMAGICS and in the reasearch work developed in the Space Science and Engineering Centre in Madison USA, where he studied techniques to generate tridimensional graphics, analyse in this paper an algorithm to generate tridimensional surfaces that can be used to visualize many phisical fields, in special, the fields related to the climate MFN: 6289 1: SID/SCD 2: 6801 3: INPE-6801-PRE/3173 4: SRE 5: Mc 6: am 7: [07] 10: Ferreira, Claudia A.S.Velloso 10: Dias, Luiz Alberto Vieira 12: Visualizacao e simulacao de um problema Fisico baseadas em modelagem fisica com o uso da animacao por computador 14: 65-68 18: Anais 40: Pt 41: En 42: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao-SBC 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: OBT 61: 62: INPE 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: This work presents a Computer Animation application about the use of Dynamics for motion simulation. The use of Dynamics for the motion control, in which the objects are treated as having mass and others physical properties, acting under the influence of external and internal forces and torques, is one solution for the creation of a motion that appears as much natural and realistic as possible MFN: 6290 1: SID/SCD 2: 6802 3: INPE-6802-PRE/3174 4: SRE 5: Mc 6: am 7: [07] 10: Oliveira, Jussara Dolfini 10: Alves, Diogenes Salas 12: Tratamento de Dados em Escalas e Projecoes diferentes em Sistema de Informacoes Geograficas 14: 69-74 18: Anais 40: Pt 41: En 42: 52: Sociedade Brasileira de Computacao-SBC 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Computacao Grafica e Processamento de Imagens,5 54: nov. <1992> 56: Aguas de Lindoia 57: BR 58: DPI 61: 62: INPE 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 83: An important application of computer graphic techniques is geographic information systems (GIS). This paper presents a methodology for the integration of data at differents scales and projections, using GIS. The methodology uses two datasets: deforestation (1:250.000 scale, UTM projections), and RADAMBRASIL vegetation data (1:1.000.000 scale and lambert projection). The method is recommended for users that have geo-reference data from different sources MFN: 6294 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Souza, Ricardo Cartaxo Modesto de 10: Camara Neto, Gilberto 12: SPRING: object-oriented geoprocessing 14: 251-257 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 21: v.29 Part B2 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 2 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DPI 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: This work describes SPRING, an object-oriented GIS for UNIX workstations. Developed using the C++language and the X Window System and integrated on a data environment, SPRING is based on a general data model wich breaks the raster-vector dichotomy. SPRING is being developed by INPE, with important support from EMBRAPA and the IBM Rio Scientific Centre 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6300 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Shi, Jiancheng 10: van Zyl, J. 10: Soares, Joao Vianei 10: Engman, E. T 12: Development of soil moisture algorithm for L-band SAR measurements 14: 495-500 18: Proceedings 20: 5 21: v.2 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS'92 54: 26-29 May <1992> 56: Houston 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: This paper reports a study of algorithm development and testing for soil moisture retrieval for bare fields using L-band SAR imagery. First-order surface scattering models predict that the copolarization ratio is sensitive to soil moisture but not to surface roughness. In this study, we evaluated all possible ratios of the co-polarization signals and their linear combinations. The best sensitivity to soil moisture is achived from the measurement of ( ) as predicted by the first-order surface scattering model. The effect of sytem noise and volume scattering of soil are evaluated. To minimize the effect of the volume scattering, an algorithm which includes both the surface and data. The results show that the estimation of soil moisture can be improved after removing the system noise and including the volume scattering effect at large incidence angles 91: FDB-19921207 92: FDB-MD MFN: 6311 1: SID/SCD 2: 6562 3: INPE-6562-PRE/2599 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07]528.711.7 10: Formaggio, Antonio Roberto 10: Alves, Diogenes Salas 10: Epiphanio, Jose Carlos Neves 12: Sistemas de informacaoes geograficas na obtencao de mapas de aptidao agricola e de taxa de adequacao de uso das terras 14: 249-256 30: Revista Brasileira de Ciencias do Solo 31: 16 32: 2 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: SGI 87: SOLOS 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: USO DA TERRA 87: LANDSAT 5 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: MONITORAMENTO 87: MAPAS DE APTIDAO AGRICOLA 82: 83: Nem sempre os usos dados aos solos correspondem a aptidao indicada e, quando ha um sobreuso, podem advir problemas ligados a sua conservacao. Atualmente dispoe-se, alem de mapas de solos, de dados de satelite de sensoriamento remoto com elevado poder de repetibilidade e de sistemas computacionais que permitem a manipulacao de dados espacialmente distribuidos. Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma sistematica de aplicacao do sistema de informacoes geograficas (SGI)/ Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Esopaciais (INPE)na determinacao da aptidao agricola (imagens de satelite como origem). A area de estudo corresponde a 400 km2 na regiao de Leme (SP). Foram gerados onze planos de informacao referentes aos fatores limitantes, para a determinacao do mapa de aptidao agricola via SGI/INPE. O uso atual foi mapeado pela interpretacao de imagens do satelite Landsat-5. Com o cruzamento dessas informacoes via SGI/INPE, obteve-se o mapa de taxas de adequacao de uso, mostrando que 17,5 83: da area de estudo se enquadrava nas classes baixa ou inadequada, devido a usos mais intensivos que os recomendados. As classes de aptidao agricola, conjuntamente com as classes de uso da terra mapeadas via imagens de satelite e cruzadas atraves atraves de sistemas de informacoes geograficas constituem excelentes ferramentas para o monitoramento periodico das taxas de adequacao, principalmente quando se considera a dinamica das variacoes dos usos das terras 91: FDB-19921208 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6313 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07]528.711.7 10: Yanasse, Corina C.F. 10: Quegan, S. 10: Martin, R.J. 12: Inferences on spatial and temporal variability of the backscatter from growing using AgriSar data 14: 439-507 30: International Journal Remote Sensing 31: 13 32: 3 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DPI 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: RETROESPALHAMENTO 87: AGRICULTURA 87: INTERPOLACAO 83: AgriSAR 86 data from the Feltwell Site, U.K., was affected by a variety of radiometric distortions. These distortions prevent accurate calibration of the images, but analysis of the image statistics, after some radiometric corrections have been performaed, permits a number of qualitative inferences about variations in crop backscatter in time and space. Cerals and sugar beet appear to exhibit different incidence angle responses. The separability of wheat and sugar beet varies with time. Cereals show greater spatial variability than sugar beet. Individual fields exhibit apparent variability in their temporal responses; for sugar beet this can in the main be explained by the effects of speckle, but there is some evidence of variation for winter wheat 91: FDB-19921208 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 6318 1: SID/SCD 2: 5466 3: INPE-5466-PRE/1774 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07]681.3.019 10: Oliveira, Carlos Alberto de 12: Intelligent environment for interpretation tasks of remotely sensed images 14: 379-383 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17 54: 02-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: NCO 59: FAPESP 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 91: FDB-19921208 92: FDB-MLR 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Carlos Alberto de Oliveira 111: Secretaria 111: NASA 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: NCO 112: NCO 112: USA 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 02/02/93 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 6322 1: SID/SCD 2: 5457 3: INPE-5457-TDI/499 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]621.376.5 16: Candeias, Ana Lucia Bezerra 18: Uso da teoria de estimacao bayesiana na fusao de dados de satelites 19: Bayesian model for pictorial data fusion of satellite image 20: 133 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Raimundo Almeida Filho; Nelson Delfino d'Avila Mascarenhas (orientador); Gerald Jean Francis Banon (orientador); Fernando Toshinori Sakane 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: FUNCAO BAYESIANA 87: MODELOS MATEMATICOS 87: SPOT (SATELITE FRANCES) 88: BAYES THEOREM 88: DATA INTEGRATION 88: IMAGE PROCESSING 88: SATELLITE IMAGERY 88: MATHEMATICAL MODELS 88: SPOT (FRENCH SATELLITE) 88: BAYES THEOREM DATA INTEGRATION 88: SATELLITE IMAGERY 88: MATHEMATICAL MODELS 83: Fusao de dados pictoricos e a denominacao de um conjunto de tecnicas para gerar imagens sinteticas a partir da combinacao de imagens primarias, procurando aproveitar as melhores caracteristicas de cada imagem primaria. Nesta dissertacao, e desenvolvido um modelo bayesiano de fusao de dados pictoricos utilizando como base o trabalho de Brum (1989). Como exemplo, tal modelo e aplicado a fusao de imagens do satelite SPOT. E feita uma comparacao tecnica proposta com outras apresentadas na literatura. O metodo bayesiano tem como vantagem, alem de sua formalizacao estatistica, a possibilidade de adaptar o processo de sintese as caracteristicas locais das imagens. ABSTRACT: Pictorial data fusion is the denomination of a set of techniques for generating synthetic images from the combination of primary images, by attempting to preserve the best characteristics from each primary image. In this dissertation, a Bayesian model for pictorial data fusion is proposed, based on the work of Brum (1989). As an example, such a model is applied to the image data fusion of SPOT satellite images. A comparison between the proposed technique with others that were presented in the literature is made. The Bayesian model has the advantage of offering the potential for adaptation to the local characteristics of the images in the synthesis process, besides its formal statistical formulation. 91: FDB-19921208 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 109: 9 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 2 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: Ana Lucia Bezerra Candeias 111: Raimundo Almeida Filho 111: Nelson Delfino d'Avila Mascarenhas 111: Gerald Jean Francis Banon 111: Fernando Toshinori Sakane 111: NASA 111: BN 111: CCRS 111: Ana L. Candeias 112: DED 112: SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DPI 112: DPI 112: Conv. 112: USA 112: RJ 112: Canada 112: SPG 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: V 113: 04/01/93 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: "14.04.93 MFN: 6335 1: SID/SCD 2: 8950 3: INPE-8950-PRE/4645 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Stech, Jose Luiz 10: Lorenzzetti, Joao Antonio 12: The Response of the South Brazil bight to the passage of Wintertime Cold Fronts 14: 9507-9520 30: Journal Geophysical Research 31: 97 32: C6 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DSR 61: 64: June <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: OCEANOGRAFIA 87: costas 87: inverno 87: efeitos do vento 87: frentes frias 87: imagens de sat‚lite 88: coast 88: winter 88: cold fronts 88: wind effects 88: satellite imagery 83: On the southeastern continental shelf of Brazil the wintertime subtidal variability of the circulation is highly dominated by the passage of cold fronts. Hydrographic data for the region reveal that during this (July, August, September)season only a weak vertical stratification is observed. In this paper the response of the region to cold fronts is studied by using a barotropic finite element model, forced by a conceptual cold front wind field derived from the analysis of coastal winds and satellite imagery 91: FDB-19921218 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6518 1: SID/SCD 2: 5468 3: INPE-5468-NTC/307 4: SRE 5: MP 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:632.164 16: Chen, Sherry Chou 18: Os recentes avancos tecnologicos do progarma de previsao de safra dos Estados Unidos 20: 15 40: Pt 41: Pt 42: 58: DSR 59: SIAGRO 62: INPE 64: nov. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: NTC 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: A previsao de safras agricolas e uma tarefa prioritaria do governo, tendo em vista sua importancia para a economia do Pais. Nas ultimas duas decadas, o INPE tem desempenhado papel importante nas areas de pesquisa e de disseminacao da tecnologia de Sensoriamento Remoto com a finalidade de aprimorar a qualidade de estimativas agricolas. Como o uso de tecnicas computacionais e indispensavel quando se trata de grandes volumes de dados, o acompanhamento dos ultimos avancos tecnologicos, tanto em hardware como em software, e crucial para produzir estimativas mais precisas em tempo habil. Este relatorio apresenta as mais recentes atividades de pesquisa de United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)para o programa de previsao de safras, que conheci durante visita tecnica realizada em agosto, 1992. As experiencias da USDA, especialmente do projeto CASS, servirao como indicacoes para o projeto SIAGRO, da cooperacao INPE/IBGE. O Servico Nacional de Estatistica Agricola (National Agricultural Statistics Service-NASS), do USDA (United State Department of Agriculture), tem a responsabilidade de fornecer estimativas sobre qualquer aspecto da agricultura dos EUA. Com esta funcao, a revisao constante nos procedimentos de coleta de dados e da metodologia de estimativa e uma tarefa fundamental do NASS para acompanhar os avancos tecnologicos. A Divisao de Levantamento do NASS e responsavel por pesquisa e desenvolvimento de metodologias estatisticas e por aplicacoes de tecnologias avancadas com o objetivo de aprimorar os programas operacionais atuais e futuros da agencia 91: FDB-19930202 92: FDB-MLR 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Sherry Chun Chen 111: NASA 111: BN 111: CCRS 112: DED 112: SID 112: DSM 112: USA 112: RJ 112: Canada 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D MFN: 6519 1: SID/SCD 2: 5478 3: INPE-5478-PRE/1777 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07]519.8:528.711.7 10: Barros, Maria Suelena Santiago 12: Redes neurais na classificacao de usos do solo em imagens de satelites 40: Pt 41: Pt 42: 53: Simposio Brasileiro de Pesquisa Operacional-SOBRAPO 54: nov. <1992> 56: Salvador 57: BR 58: NCO 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: Analisa-se neste trabalho o potencial do uso de redes RPE (Retropropagacao do erro), como uma potente abordagem, embora nao totalmente compreendida, para a classificacao de usos do solo em imagens de satelite, quando ha varias classes, nao muito bem delineadas, para serem identificadas. Sao mostradas alguns resultados de classificacao e discute-se a importancia, na fase de aprendizagem, do tamanho da area de treinamento, do numero de classes e do numero de ciclos de aprendizagem 91: FDB-19930202 92: FDB-MLR 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Maria Suelena S. Barros 111: Secretaria 111: NASA 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: NCO 112: NCO 112: USA 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D MFN: 6520 1: SID/SCD 2: 5479 3: INPE-5479-PRE/1778 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07]528.711.7:621.376.5 10: Barros, Maria Suelena Santiago 10: Rodrigues, Valter 12: Nonlinear aspects of data integration for land-cover classification in a neural network environment 30: Advances in Space Research 40: En 41: En 42: 52: COSPAR 53: Plenary Meeting of the Committee on Space Research, 29/The world Space Congress 54: <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: NCO 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: Some results of exploring nonlinear aspects of a neural network methodology to provide land-cover in satellite imagery are presented. All required images are used in a Back-Error Propagation (BEP)network which is a nonlinear data integrator for spatial patters classification. The network is trained to give the basic categories: grass, moisted soil, bare soil, forest, water and built-up areas. The results of a partial classification are used in a posterior analysis which is done to get the final classification in more detailed classes of land use. The performance results show how powerful is a neural-network based methodology for sattelite imagery integration and classification 91: FDB-19930202 92: FDB-MLR 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Maria Suelena S. Barros 111: Valter Rodrigues 111: Secretaria 111: NASA 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: NCO 112: NCO 112: NCO 112: USA 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D MFN: 6521 91: FDB-19930202 92: FDB-MLR 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Maria Suelena S. Barros 111: Secretaria 111: NASA 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: NCO 112: NCO 112: USA 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5480 3: INPE-5480-PRE/1779 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07]528.711.7:621.376.5 10: Barros, Maria Suelena Santiago 12: Satellite imagery and exogenous data interation by neural network in automatic land-cover classification 40: En 41: En 42: 52: IPIE 53: International Society for Optical Engineering 54: July <1992> 56: Washigton 57: USA 58: NCO 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: Certainly data integration for classification requires a non-linear system to associate satellite imagery with exogenous imagery. In this study we present some results of a Neural Network based methodology to provide land-cover classifications. Two approaches are investigated: a)The Monolithic Integration: all required registred images are the inputs of only one Back-Error Propagation (BEP)network. The network is trained on purpose to get the final classification. b)The class-distributed integration: for each class a specific network learns from all sattelite imageries its class characteristics. In both approachs, topographic mapping is taken into account as exogenous data MFN: 6522 1: SID/SCD 2: 6555 3: INPE-6555-PRE/2592 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: D'Alge, Julio Cesar Lima 10: Alves, Diogenes Salas 12: Input procedures for TM-Landsat phtographic products into a GIS environment 14: 701-704 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: v.29 Part B4 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photommetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 4 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DPI 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: PROCESSAMENTO DIGITAL DE IMAGENS 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: SIG 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: DESFLORESTAMENTO 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: BANCO DE DADOS ESPACIAIS 82: 83: Visual interpretation of high resolution images is a important tool because digital processing techniques do not completely replace the human capacity of understanding spatial features over an image. System corrected images present internal geometries which are compatible to medium scale works, but photographic processing can introduce small scale changes for the whole image.Therefore, a sequence of heuristic local adjustments is normally carried out by the interpreter with the purpose of transfering image information into the topographic map which represents the GIS database. As a consequence, the resulting thematic database is badly georeferenced. This work presents two alternatives which were used for the georeferencing of TM-Landst photographic products over Brazilian Amazonia intended to detect and control deforestation process 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6524 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Dias, Luiz Alberto Vieira 12: Comparison between Akima and Beta-spline interpolators for digital elevation models 14: 925-927 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 21: v.29 Part B4 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 4 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: OBT 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: When interpolation are used in Digital Elevation Models, it is know that certain geographic features are not well represented. This work compares the performances of two interpolators for different geographic features: the Akima and the Beta-spline. The Akima interpolator is widely used in DEM's, while the Beta-splines have user defined parameters that can control the shape of the surface without changing the control points. The results are presented in graphical form 91: FDB-19920406 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6525 1: SID/SCD 2: 6558 3: INPE-6558-PRE/2595 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Alves, Diogenes Salas 10: Meira Filho, Luiz Gylvan 10: D'Alge, Julio Cesar Lima 10: Mello, Eliana Maria Kalil 10: Moreira, Jose Carlos 10: Medeiros, Jose Simiao de 12: The Amazonia information system 14: 259-266 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 21: v.29 PB6 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 6 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DPI 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADO DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: DESFLORESTAMENTO 87: SIG 87: SGI 87: IMAGENS DE SATELITE 88: DEFLORESTATION 82: 83: A research initiative for the assessment of the impact of human-induced changes in Brazilian Amazon rain forests is presented. Data from satellite imagery, topographic vegetation and other maps are combined onsid Amazonia, a geographic information system covering the entire region. as a result, teh extent and the rate of deforestation are being more accurately estimated and the refinement of models to assess the impact of deforestation in diffferent physical processes was made possible by the availabiltly of georeferenced data 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6526 1: SID/SCD 2: 5482 3: INPE-5482-PRE/1781 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Sausen, Tania Maria 12: Training on assessment and mapping of deforestation - WFW Conference, Brazil 14: 4 40: En 41: En 42: 52: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espacial 53: Asia Pacific ISY Conference - The Earth in Space 54: 16-20 nov. <1992> 57: BR 58: DSM 61: 62: INPE 64: <1992> 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 76: TRANSFERENCIA DE TECNOLOGIA 87: CURSO 87: DESFLORESTAMENTO 88: TREINING 88: DEFORESTATION 83: The Amazonian forest is the largest and most important tropical forest in the world. It covers about 30 83: of South America, including parts of Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Calombia, Venezuela, British Guiana, Suriname, and French Guiana. It represents 54 83: of the Brazilian territory and 80 83: of the total Pan-Amazoniam region. Two hundred and seventy-two LANDSAT images are necessary to cover the whole Amazonian area, from which 222 correspond to the Brazilian portion of the Amazoniam region 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: Tania Maria Sausen 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: DSM 112: USA 112: Canada 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 27.10.93 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 6532 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: OBT 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: A blackbord-base knowlwdge representation, adapted to maintain informatio about meteorological radar images using method of frame, is proposed. This representation is to be used as a basis for the development of arificial intelligence applications to help human operators in the task of interpreting radar images and related informations. This project is part of the development of a laboratory for artificial intelligence applications in the image processing area 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Francisco de Assis T.F.da Silva 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BN 112: 1 112: 1 112: 1 112: 1 112: 1 112: 1 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5485 3: INPE-5485-PRE/1784 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Silva, Francisco de Assis Tavares Ferreira 12: A hybrid formalism for representation and interpretation of image knowledge 14: 6 MFN: 6534 1: SID/SCD 2: 7582 3: INPE-7582-PRE/3434 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Camara Neto, Gilberto 10: Freitas, Ubirajara Moura de 10: Souza, Ricardo Cartaxo Modesto de 10: Casanova, Marco A. 10: Hemerly, Andreas S. 12: Data modelling and development of a spatial database for the brazilian Amazonia 14: 267-269 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 21: v.29 Part b6 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 6 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DPI 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOPROCESSAMENTO 87: SGI 87: SPRING 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: SIG 87: BANCO DE DADOS ESPACIAIS 87: SPRING 87: SISTEMA DE PROCESSAMENTO DE INFORMACOES GEORREFERENCIADAS 82: 83: A conceptual framework for modelling environment data, which caters for a diversity data sources and formats, it first described. Then, the data model adopted in the design of an object-oriented image processing and geographical information system, called SPRING, and its associated spatial database management system, called EnvDATA, is introduced. The frawork may in fact be viewed as an abstraction of the basic characteristics of the data model. Finally, a specific environmental database storing facts about the Brazilian Amazonia, implomented using the SPRING system, is briefly outlined 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6535 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 20: 3 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: GIS 87: EROSAO 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: SOLOS 87: SGI 87: USO DA TERRA 87: EQUACAO UNIVERSAL DE PERDAS DE SOLO 87: USLE 87: MAPAS DE RISCO DE EROSAO 87: BACIAS HIDROGRAFICAS 88: SOIL EROSION 82: 83: This study was undertaken in a agricultural watershed (eastern Sao Paulo State, Brazil)and its purpose was to indicate soil erosion susceptibility areas and to provide information for rural planning. A geographic information system - GIS (SGI/INPE)was used to integrate physical parameters of the USLE model adjusted. Erositivy, erodibility, slope lenght and slope gradiented with parameters (R, K, L and S USLE factors, respectively)were associated with soil loss tolerance data to define tolerable cover-management and soil conservation practices (tolerable CP factors - USLE). Tot]lerable CP and actual CP data (determined from Landsat and field informations)were integrated in the GIS environment. A susceptibility soil erosion classe map (at 1:60.000 scale)was obtained and it will be used for soil conservation planning of the watershed 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 6665 3: INPE-6665-PRE/2696 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Pinto, Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira 10: Valerio Filho, Mario 10: Donzeli, P.L. 12: Soil erosion susceptibility evaluation based on GIS technology 14: 172-174 MFN: 6536 1: SID/SCD 2: 6621 3: INPE-6621-PRE/2658 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Formaggio, Antonio Roberto 10: Epiphanio, Jose Carlos Neves 10: Franca, Geraldo Victorino 12: Spectral indicators of vegetation vigour of bean crop (phaseolus vulgaris L.) 14: 223-227 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 20: 5 21: v.29,B7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: The objective of this work was to contribute for the understanding of the relationships between agronomic and TM//Landsat-5 spectral parameters of the bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Three agronomic descriptors were observed in 42 irrigated farmers' fields of beas: leaf area index, phytomass and percents soil cover. Spectral parametrs were digital numbers of the six reflective TM/Landsat-5 bands and two derived linear vegetation indices: simple ratio (SR)and normalized difference (ND). There were curvilinear trends (logarithmic and exponetial types)between agronomic and spectral relationships: there were equivalence between SR and ND. Before the beginning of the crop senescence it seems that spectral x agronomic relationships are better. Some bases for potential utilities of the studied relationships are discussed 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6537 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 20: 2 21: v29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 83: The regional land use planning of Paraiba Valley and the North Coast of Sao Paulo State - Brazil, was done using mainly orbital remote sensing data. The area of this region is of approximatly 18.000 Km2. Emphasis was given on photointerpretation of satellite images to produce geological, geomorphological, ground water and land use maps. Geological engineering and agricultural land use suitability maps were elaborated integrating diffrent maps. All of them were presented at the scale of 1:250,000. In order to have a comprehensive approach of the region, socioeconomic data and official information related to environment protected areas, as well as mining activities in the region were considered. Finally, economical alternatives were proposed and different land use arrangements were indicated to promote the self-sustainable regional development 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 6666 3: INPE-6666-PRE/2697 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Kurkdjian, Maria de Lourdes Neves de Oliveira 10: Valerio Filho, Mario 10: Veneziani, Paulo 10: Anjos, Celio Eustaquio dos 10: Pereira, Madalena Niero 10: Florenzano, Teresa Gallotti 10: Sausen, Tania Maria 10: Ohara, Tomoyuki 12: Regional land use planning based on remote sensing data 14: 228-229 MFN: 6538 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Costa, Maycira Pereira de Faria 12: Coastal water chlorophyll estimation using Landsat TM 14: 230-234 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 21: v29 Part B7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: SPG 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: This work was performed in Ubatuba, Sao apulo coast, to esses Landsat 5/TM information of chlorophyll concentration (Chla)studies in the ocean. Twenty four water sampling stations were determined and the following parameters were sampled: chlorophyll a, yellow sustance, total suspended solids and Secchi depth. TM digital image was previously corrected and an average of nine pixels values of easch coordenate point was obtained from TM band 1,2 and 3. A linear correlation analysis between water parameters and reflectance data was applied and it was observed the correlation coefficients between Chla and TM1, TM2, TM3, TM1/TM2 and TM3/TM2, respectively: 0.84, 0.86, 0.91 and 0.71. A model to estimate Chla from TM bands was determined by using a stepwise multiple regression. The resulting model includes TM2 band (R2 adjusted=0.84) 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6539 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Anjos, Celio Eustaquio dos 10: Veneziani, Paulo 12: Potential areas localization for groundwater exploration and recharge in Paraiba do Sul Valley using TM-Landsat - Sao Paulo State-Brazil 14: 241-245 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 20: 5 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 83: Viewing to the social economics importance of the Paraiba do Sul Valley, Sao Paulo State - Brazil, a research work to identify the potential area groundwater recharge and exploration to orientate the regional development and planning, was carried out. This work was developed from analysis of the structures and tectonic datas of Landsat-TM image on crystalline terrain and was a part of a environmental zonning project 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6540 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Oliveira, Sonia Barreto Perdigao 10: Formaggio, Antonio Roberto 12: TM/Landsat images for pedological survey under Brazilian Northest semi-arid conditions 14: 320-324 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 20: 5 21: v.29,B7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: Orbital Remote Sensing techniques are not widely used in studies related to pedology in Brazilian semi-arid regions. This research tried to evaluate TM/Landsat images contribution in the segmentation/identification of different soil classes from one 15 Km x 15 Km study area located in the southeast region of Ceara state, Brazil. Digital processing (3-D synthetic images)and visual analysis were carried out, considering the following photopedologic elements: relief, drainage, photographic texture, land use and photographic tonality. Most photopedological informative bands were TM5 and TM4 and best band compositions was TM345, where vertic character was clearly visible. Additionally synthetic 3-D images enhanced relief and physiographic aspects 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6541 1: SID/SCD 2: 7583 3: INPE-7583-PRE/3435 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Ohara, Tomoyuki 10: Mattos, Juercio Tavares de Mattos 12: Situation of the activities in the Paraiba Valley (Sao Paulo State, Brazil)showed on the TM-Landsat 14: 325-328 18: International Archives of Photogrammery and Remote Sensing 20: 4 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 83: This survey presents the situation of the mineral activities in the Paraiba Valley (eastern Sao Paulo State, Brazil), during the 1939-1989 period. In this study were analyzed 609 mineral informations, distributed in 44 municipal districts, equivalent in a surface of 18,000 Km2 and showed on the TM-Landsat photographic image. The principal explorations of mineral deposits are the one classified of industrial use and direct use in the civil building 91: FDB-19930405 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6542 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 6 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 58: SPG 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 82: 83: Within the Pantanal, vegetation, wildlife and extensive cattle raising is adapted to the yearly flooding cycle. Quantitative information on the dynamics of flooding is extremely important for any self-sustained management of this region. In this contxt, using temporal series of hydrographs located at therio Paraguai (Ladario)and at rio Miranda (Ticao de Fogo), the recurrence periods of flooding for 5, 10 and 15 years were estimated. These recurrence period were associeted to the flooded area, obtained during the hydrological year 1989 with TM-Landst images, data takes from april 9, 89; May 11, 89 June 12, 89; July 14, 89 and September 16, 89 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 6605 3: INPE-6605-PRE/2642 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Vila da Silva, Joao dos Santos 10: Kux, Hermann Johann Heinrich 12: Recurrence periods of flooding associated to TM data within the Pantanal, Brazil 14: 235-240 MFN: 6543 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 4 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 82: 83: This work presents an analysis of the land use and cover in the region of Paraiba Valley and North coast area of Sao Paulo State. Visual interpretation of Landsat and SPOT imageries at scale 1:100,000 was used to detect land use/land cover changes during the period of 1977/1988. In addition, maps od land use suitability and current land use/land cover categories were compared. Identification of inappropriate land use in the region were made 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 6667 3: INPE-6667-PRE/2698 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Pereira, Madalena Niero 10: Valerio Filho, Mario 10: Pinto, Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira 12: Land use evaluation: case study in Brazil 14: 507-510 MFN: 6544 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Shi, Jiancheng 10: van Zyl, Jalob J. 10: Soares, Joao Vianei 10: Engman, Edwin T. 12: Retrieval bare-soil moisture using L-band SAR 14: 595-597 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 3 21: v.29,B7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 83: This paper reports a study of algorithm development and testing for soil moisture retrieval for bare fields using L-band SAR imagery. First-order surface scattering models predict that the co-polarization ratio is sensitive to soil moisture but not to surface roughness. Our previous study indicated that the measurement of ovv/ohh at L-band is proportional to soil moisture. In this study, the effect of volume scattering of soil on estimating soil moisture is evaluated. To minimize the effect of the volume scattering, an algorithm which includes both the surface and volume scattering has been developed and tested using JPL AIRSAR data. The results show that the estimation of soil moisture can be improving the system noise and including the volume sacatteirng effect at a large incidente angles 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6545 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Amaral, Silvana 12: Deforestation estimates in AVHRR/NOAA and TM/Landsat images for a region in Central Brazil 14: 764-767 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 21: v.29 Part B7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: SPG 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: FLORESTAS 87: GIS 82: 83: This paper presents a comparison of tropical deforestation estimates in AVHRR/NOAA and TM/Landsat images for a region in Central Brazil where large clearings in the forest prevail. A TM scene of 02/Sept/89 in the scale of 1:250,000 was visually interpreted to produce a map with four classes: natural forest, deforested areas, natural savannahs, and rivers. The AVHRR image of 17/Sept/89 whit full 1.1 KM resolution was digitally degraded to 2 Km resolution and classified 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: R MFN: 6546 1: SID/SCD 2: 6668 3: INPE-6668-PRE/2699 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Valerio Filho, Mario 10: Castro, Alexandre Grimaldi de 12: Remote sensing data geographic information systemas for the characterization of areas of soil erosion 14: 788-791 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 3 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17. Commission 7 54: 2-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: GIS 87: EROSAO 87: SOLOS 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: USO DA TERRA 87: EQUACAO UNIVERSAL DE PERDAS DE SOLO 87: USLE 87: DADOS CARTOGRAFICOS 87: LANDSAT 5 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: BACIAS HIDROGRAFICAS 82: 83: This work presents an integration method using Landsat/TM imagery and maps as information to characterize areas which are susceptible to erosion in hydrographic basin the State of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Information describing the physical envoronment (slope, lenght, soil erodibilty and rainfall erosivity)were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS). The Natural Erosiion Potencial (NEP)was obtained. The USLE C factor was obtained from land use maps derived from the interpretation of enhanced TM Landsat 5 Imagery. Those data were integrated to the Natural Erosion Potencial with the GIS in order to provide an estimate an spatial distribution of areas with erosion risk 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6547 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Carrara, Ana Lucia Ramos 10: Foresti, Celina 10: Santos, Joao Roberto dos 12: Analysis of vegetation indices in urban areas from Landsat-TM and HRV-SPOT orbital data 14: 949-956 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 8 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 52: ISPRS 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 17. 54: 1-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 58: SPG 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 87: PLANEJAMENTO URBANO 83: The spatial organization of the brazilian cities in several areas of the country reflects the impact of the accelerations and disorganized urbanization that has occurred during the last years. This urbanization without and adequate planning has caused a process of degradation of the natural urban environment. An imbalance between built up areas and green areas has occurred where the presence of the vegetation element has grown less. A quantitative and qualitative survey of urban green areas establishes basic information to elaborate adequate planning in order to improve the quality of the urban environment. Through the transformation of orbital data into numerical models, called Vegetation Indices (VI), it is possible to obtain a qualitative and quantitative indicator of the vegetation cover relative to built up areas. The main objective of this study is to analyse the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)in the urban environment obtained from orbital data. The study area is located in the city of Taubate in Sao Paulo state. The NDVI is calculated from orbital data from TM-Landsat (TM3,TM4,TM5)and HRV-SPOT (XS2,XS3)corresponding to spectral bands in the red, near-infrared and middle-infrared ranges. The data was taken on 8 August, 1988 and 19 July, 1988, respectively. It is calculated by the formulae: VI= gain x NIR-R/NIR+R + offset and VI= gain x MIR-R/MIR+R + offset. The influence of spectral and spatial characteristics from TM-Landsat and HRV-SPOT data was taken into account in analyzing the performence of classification for the VI calculated from those sensor systems. Ground information and the percent vegetation cover were determined from panchromatic aerial photographs (in scale 1:10 000)and planimetric maps (in scales of 1:25 000 and 1:50 000). The different classes of urban land use were discriminated and classifield on the basis of VI. In the results, it was found that the NDVI calculated by TM-Landsat and HRV-SPOT data allowed a distinct classification associating urban land use and vegetal cover to be obtained. It is concluded that VI is a good estimator to compare green areas with build up areas and it permits a global view of the spatial distribution and density of vegetal cover 91: FDB-19930406 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6548 91: FDB-19930412 92: FDB-MLR 101: R 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: Arquivo 111: Aquisicao 111: Alfredo da C.Pereira Jr. 111: Joao Roberto dos Santos 111: Alberto Waingort Setzer 111: Braulio de Souza Dias 111: Leopoldo Magno Coutinho 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BN 112: DED 112: SID 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: DSM 112: Conv. 112: Conv. 112: USA 112: Canada 112: RJ 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 1: SID/SCD 2: 5490 3: INPE-5490-TDI/507 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:634.034(251.3) 16: Pereira Jr., Alfredo da Costa 76: VEGETACAO 87: QUEIMADA 87: FLORESTAS 87: PROCESSAMENTO DE IMAGENS 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: AVHRR 87: SATELITES NOAA 87: CALIBRACAO 88: ADVANCED VERY HIGTH RESOLUTION RADIOMETER 88: FOREST FIRES 88: IMAGE PROCESSING 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: CALIBRATION 88: FARMALAND 88: VEGETATION 82: 83: Imagens do sensor AVHRR do satelite NOAA-11 foram utilizadas para deteccao, localizacao e quantificacao das queimadas na regiao dos cerrados, na estacao seca de resolucao espacial do sensor TM do satelite Landsat. No AVHRR a banda 3 foi a que melhor caracterizou as queimadas ativas; no TM a banda 4 define melhor as areas queimadas atraves da marca deixada no terreno; em ambos os sensores, as queimadas se caracterizam por apresentar baixos niveis de cinza. O comportamento temporal mostrou que maior numero de queimadas ocorreu na 2. quinzena de agosto, chegando a 9 mil pontos de queimada por dia, e verificou-se que o numero de queimadas foi substimado pelo AVHRR em cerca de 26 83: . Quanto a distribuicao espacial, algumas regioes apresentaram maior concentracao de queimadas: a)sul do Maranhao; b)leste-central de Tocantins; c)oeste-central da Bahia; d)centro-leste e centro oeste de Mato Grosso; e)sul-central de Goias. Os dados de AVHRR mostram que as unidades compo-cerrado, parque de cerrado e areas de cerrado com acao antropica foram mais atingidas pelo uso do fogo, constatando-se que durante a decada de 80 ocorreu a transformacao de areas de vegetacao natural em areas de atividades agropecuarias. A regressao linear entre queimadas classificadas no AVHRR/NOAA e TM/Landsat mostrou valor de R2 e 0,63, sendo obtida uma equacao que serviu para estimar a area queimada na regiao dos cerrados, encontrando-se um valor de 196.000 kn2, correspondente a 9 83: da area da regiao 58: Banca: Joao Roberto dos Santos (orientador); Alberto Waingort Setzer; Braulio de Souza Dias; Leopoldo Magno Coutinho 58: DSR 59: SER 62: INPE 64: abr. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 18: Monitoramento de queimadas na regiao dos Cerrados com a utilizacao de dados AVHRR/NOAA corrigidos com dados TM/Landsat 19: Monitoring of burning in the Brazilian cerrado region using AVHRR/NOAA data calibrated by TM/Landsat data 20: 220 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre MFN: 6549 1: SID/SCD 2: 5494 3: INPE-5494-TDI/511 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:556.51 16: Castro, Alexandre Grimaldi de 18: Tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto e sistemas geograficos de informacoes no estudo integrado de bacias hidrograficas 19: Use of remote sensing and geographic information system techniques in integrated studies of watershelds 20: 145 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Mario Valerio Filho (orientador); Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira Pinto; Pedro Luiz Donzeli; Gilberto Jose Garcia 58: SPG 62: INPE 64: maio <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: SGI 87: SOLOS 87: EROSAO 87: BACIAS HIDROGRAFICAS 87: EQUACAO UNIVERSAL DE PERDAS DE SOLO 87: ANALISE AMBIENTAL 87: USO DA TERRA 88: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS 88: IMAGE PROCESSING 88: SOIL EROSION 88: TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION 88: WATERSHEDS 88: IMAGE CLASSIFICATION 88: IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION 88: MATHEMATICAL MODELS 82: 83: Este estudo foi designado a uma avalicao multitemporal dos padroes de expectativa de perdas de solo na bacia hidrografica do Ribeirao Bonito. Adicionalmente, foi avaliado o potencial de integracao de tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto e sistema geografico de informacao em estudos de analise ambiental. A aplicacao do modelo Equacao Universal de Perdas de Solo como elemento balizador dos procedimentos analiticos em SIG mostrou-se satisfatoria. Foram observadas, entretanto, restricoes analiticas e operacionais passiveis de solucao mediante o aprimoramento de algumas tecnicas de processamento e integracao de dados. As principais dificuldades foram atribuidas a ausencia de procedimentos especificamente voltados ao controle de qualidade durante a aquisicao, armazenamento e manipulacao analitica dos dados 91: FDB-19930412 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 111: AQ 111: Alexandre Grimalde 111: NASA 111: BN 111: CCRS 111: Suelena 112: SID 112: SPG 112: USA 112: RJ 112: Canada 112: SID 120: I 113: 30.04.94 MFN: 6558 1: SID/SCD 2: 5501 3: INPE-5501-TDI/516 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711:502.2(811.3) 16: Amaral, Silvana 18: Imagens do sistema sensor AVHRR/NOAA na detecao e avaliacao de desmatamentos na Floresta Amazonica: relacoes com dados do sistema TM/Landsat 19: AVHRR/NOAA images to detect and quantify deforestation in Amazon Forest: relation with TM/Landsat 20: 195 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Joao Roberto dos Santos (orientador); Alberto Waingort Setzer (orientador); Getulio Teixeira Batista; Eduardo Delgado Assad 58: DSR 59: SER 64: nov. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 87: AVHRR 87: FLORESTAS 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: SATELITES NOAA 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 87: SATELITES LANDSAT 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: CALIBRACAO 87: SIG 87: RADIOMETRO AVANCADO DE RESOLUCAO MUITO ALTA 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: IMAGENS NOAA 87: DESFLORESTAMENTO 87: ESTIMATIVA 87: MONITORAMENTO 88: ADVANCED VERY RESOLUTION RADIOMETER 88: DEFORESTATION 88: GEOMETRIC RECTIFICATION (IMAGERY) 88: INSTRUMENT ERRORS 88: LANDSAT SATELLITES 88: RAIN FOREST 88: STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: CALIBRATION 88: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYTEMS 82: 83: Este trabalho avalia o uso de images AVHRR/NOAA para deteccao e avaliacao de desmatamento na Floresta Amazonica a partir de validacao e calibracao com imagens TM/Landsat. Desenvolveu-se uma metodologia piloto para regiao da Serra do Roncador-MT, onde o desmatamento e proveniente da instalacao de projetos agropecuarios de grande escala. Utilizou-se uma imagem AVHRR de 2 Km de resolucao espacial, corrigida geometricamente, para classificacao de areas desmatadas e de floresta. A identificacao destas classes, assim como a comparacao dos resultados de area estimada na interpretacao visual de imagens TM/Landsat, baseou-se no uso de Sistema Geografico de Informacao. Os resultados AVHRR de area de floresta e desmatamento foram comparados aos dados TM em analises estatisticas, onde obteve-se forte correlacao e regressao linear entre eles (R2 = 0,93). A aplicacao do modelo obtido na regiao de Sao Jose do Xingu, MT, de padrao de desmatamento semelhante a primeira area, mostrou-se apropriada com erros medios de 3 83: para area total de floresta. Os resultados obtidos permitiram indicar a banda 3 AVHRR para a deteccao e monitoramento de alteracoes em areas florestais. Dados TM/Landsat sao necessarios para calibracao das estimativas de area 91: FDB-19930618 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6559 1: SID/SCD 2: 5500 3: INPE-5500-TDI/515 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:502.2(811.3) 16: Zerbini, Newton Jordao 18: Estimativa de fitomassa aerea em regiao de floresta tropical com uso de dados TM-Landsat 5 e HRV-SPOT 1 19: Estimation of above-ground phytomass in a tropical forest using TM-Landsat 5 e HVR-SPOT 1 data 20: 146 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Getulio Teixeira Batista; Joao Roberto dos Santos (orientador); Diogenes Salas Alves; Luiz Antonio Martinelli 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: VEGETACAO 87: FLORESTAS 87: BIOMASSA 87: LANDSAT-5 87: SPOT (SATELITE FRANCES) 87: SATELITES LANDSAT 87: USO DA TERRA 88: BIOMASS 88: RAIN FOREST 88: VEGETATION 88: LAND USE 88: SPOT (FRENCH SATELLITE) 82: 83: A floresta amazonica tem sido tema de grandes discussoes devido a amplitude das intervencoes ali realizadas. Com uma area de 3,5 milhoes de Km2, a Amazonia brasileira requer sistemas eficientes de coleta de informacoes para a gestao racional dos seus recursos florestais. O presente trabalho propoe o desenvolvimento de um metodo de quantificacao de fitomassa aerea de floresta tropical, a partir de dados espectrais obtidos de imagens TM-LANDSAT 5 e HRV-SPOT 1, em area a ser inundada por hidreletrica. Para isso, determinou-se a correlacao entre as variaveis de fitomassa aerea, dendrometricas, espectrais e de cota, em quantro parcelas consideradas: Floresta Densa de Terra Firme - Relevo Ondulado (parcelas 1 e 4), Floresta Densa de Terra Firme - Relevo Plano (parcela 2)e Floresta de Baixio (parcela 3). As parcelas foram divididas em tres estratos: superior, intermediario e inferior. Ao contrario dos demais estratos, as variaveis espectrais, combinadas com as variaveis de fitomassa, nao permitiram a quantificacao da fitomassa aerea do estrato superior da floresta. Com o uso de Analise de Regressao identificaram-se as equacoes de quantificacao de fitomassa. O metodo proposto apresentou-se viavel e com resultados significativos seja com a utilizacao de imagens TM-LANDSAT ou HRV-SPOT, seja imagens indice ou imagens fracao. Dentre doze modelos testados, optou-se pela utilizacao do modelo de ajuste linear, que demostrou significancia entre as variaveis de fitomassa dos estratos intermediarios e inferior e as variaveis espectrais e de cota. E recomendavel a realizacao de estudo de modelagem, com vistas a definicao de modelos mais eficientes para quantificacao de fitomassa nos tres estratos 91: FDB-19930110 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 5 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: Newton J. Zerbibi 111: Joao R. dos Santos 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BL 111: INPA 111: MPEG 111: UFPr 111: UNB.I.G./LSR 111: IPEF 111: UFV 111: CEPTC 112: DED 112: SID 112: ELETRONORTE 112: DSM 112: USA 112: Canada 112: RJ 112: Manaus 112: Belem 112: Curitiba 112: Brasilia 112: Vicosa 112: Belo Horizonte 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: 26.10.93 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 6619 1: SID/SCD 2: 5472 3: INPE-5472-TDI/503 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Souza, Ronald Buss de 18: Estudo da circulaco superficial ao norte do Estreito de Bransfield, antartica 19: Study of the surface circulation to the North of Bransfield Strait, Antarctica 20: 189 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Merrit Raymond Stevenson (orientador); Joao Antonio Lorenzzetti; Nelson Jesus Ferreira; Luiz Bruner de Miranda 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: set. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: OCEANOGRAFIA 87: BOIAS DE DERIVA 87: NOAA-10 87: NOAA-11 87: METEOROLOGIA 87: SATELITES NOAA 87: FENOMENO MESOESCALA 87: CORRENTE OCEANICA 87: SUPERFICIE DO MAR 87: ANALISE DE TRAJETORIA 87: ANALISE ESPECTRAL 87: PARAMENTROS OCEANOGRAFICOS 87: OSCILACAO 88: OCEANOGRAPHY 88: AUTOCORRELATION 88: BUOYS 88: MAXIMUM ENTROPY METHOD 88: MESOSCALE PHENOMENA 88: OCEAN CURRENT 88: OCEAN SURFACE 88: SPECTRUN ANALYSIS 88: TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS 88: NOAA SATELLITES 88: OSCILATION 82: 83: Um estudo sobre a circulacao superficial em meso-escala na regiao ao Norte do Estreito de Bransfield, Antartica (61-62 S, 52.5-58.5 W)e apresentado, utilizando-se medidas de corrente efetuadas por uma boia de deriva brasileira rastreada pelos satelites NOAA 10 e 11 no periodo de 26/01-21/02/89. Dados de posicionamento da boia, juntamente com dados oceanograficos e meteorologicos auxiliares tomados in situ serviram para uma descricao detalhada da corrente superficial na area de estudo. Com uma velocidade media de 7.5 cm/s e direcao altamente zonal (89 ), a corrente medida pela boia foi, em grande parte, regida pelos ventos da regiao, conforme o modelo de Ekman. As correntes de Ekman foram calculadas para 0 e 10 metros, obtendo-se 21 e 8.5 cm/s nas direcoes 108 e 25 , respectivamente. O padrao de circulacao medido pela boia nao concordou com a circulacao geostrofica regional. As correntes geostroficas medias em 0 e 10 metros foram cerca de 2 cm/s na direcao para Norte. Analises das energias cineticas Total (ECT), Media (ECM)e de Vortices (ECV)demonstraram que as flutuacoes de meso-escala medidas pela ECV compreenderam 91.7 83: da ECT. Em valores absolutos, a ECM e a ECV foram iguais a 28.1 cm /s e 357.4 cm /s , respectivamente. Atraves da auto-correlacao, determinou-se que as series de deslocamento da boia contem periodos dominantes de 21.7 na serie zonal, e de 11.5 dias na serie meridional. Usando a analise espectral pelo Metodo da Maxima Entropia (MEM), determinou-se que 75.9 83: da energia total da componente zonal foi relacionada a periodos de 14.9 a 37.7 dias. Para a componente meridional do deslocamento da boia, 66.2 83: da energia relacionou-se a periodos entre 11.5 e 21.2 dias. A MEM tambem demonstrou que periodos de 4-5 dias e 1 dia (causado por mares)foram importantes nas duas series componentes. Comparacoes entre os periodos obtidos pela MEM para os dados da boia, e os obtidos para dados de pressao atmosferica recolhidos na Estacao Antartica Brasileira, mostraram que a forcante atmosferica foi responsavel por oscilacoes sentidas na corrente em periodos de 25.5, 11-12 e 5-6 dias. Analises de correlacao cruzada dos dados da boia e de dados de pressao atmosferica mostraram que a corrente responde ao forcamento atmosferico com um retardo de tempo de 14 dias. Este periodo parece estar relacionado a variacoes em grande escala do sistema atmosferico. Aneis ou "loops" presentes na trajetoria da boia foram produzidos por mares diurnas, as componentes de mare mais importantes na area de estudo. O aparecimento destes "loops" na trajetoria da boia esteve relacionado a presenca de uma frente oceanica localizada a Oeste da area de estudo. Uma segunda frente, a Leste, com encontro de aguas de influencia do Mar de Bellingshausen com aguas mais frias e salinas do Mar de Weddell resultou em uma corrente que causou uma forte defleccao da boia para a direcao Sul. A utilizacao da boia de deriva brasileira compativel com o sistema ARGOS comprovou ser uma ferramenta eficiente para estudos em meso-escala, com a possibilidade de evidencia de frentes oceanicas, fluxos de massas de agua de caracteristicas conhecidas, e influencias da atmosfera e mares nas correntes superficiais. Resultados de estudos como o realizado aqui servem de base para trabalhos mais complexos na area de interacao ar-mar, climatologia e distribuicao de organismos plactonicos de interesse comercial, por exemplo. 91: FDB-19930816 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 110: 1 111: SCD 111: AQ 111: SEC 111: Ronald B. Souza 111: Merrit R. Stevenson 111: Joao A>lonrenzzetti 111: Nelson J.Ferreira 111: Luiz B. Miranda 111: NASA 111: CCRS 111: BN 111: CIRM 111: FURG/D.Fis. 111: B.URG 111: B.IOUSP 111: BNDO/DHN 111: CENPES 111: USP/OCEAN. FIS. 111: CNPq 111: UERJ/OCEAN. 111: UFPR/CBN 111: UNISINOS 111: TEXAS UNIV.OCEAN> 111: UCLA/OCEAN. 111: Columbia Univ. 111: WDC/GEOL. 111: Alfred-Wegener Institute 112: DED 112: SID 112: SPG 112: DCT 112: DCT 112: DSM 112: CONV 112: USA 112: CANADA 112: RJ 112: DF 112: RS 112: RS 112: SP 112: RJ 112: RJ 112: SP 112: DF 112: RJ 112: PR 112: RS 112: USA 112: USA 112: USA 112: USA 112: USA 112: Germany 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 120: D 113: Jan.93 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " 113: " MFN: 6627 1: SID/SCD 2: 9392 3: INPE-9392-PRE/5050 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Sausen, Tania Maria 12: Entreinamiento en percepcion remota en Brasil: situacion actual y perspectivas futuras 14: 151-156 20: 5 30: Serie Geografica 31: 2 32: : 40: ES 41: ES 41: En 42: 58: CEP 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: TRANSFERENCIA DE TECNOLOGIA 87: EDUCACAO 87: TREINAMENTO 87: SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO 87: HISTORIA 83: El Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)es la institucion de investigacion mas importante en el area de pescepcion remota en Brasil, y quizas en Latinoamerica. En ultimos siete anos el INPE ha contribuido a la formacion de mas de mil tecnicos brasilenos, africanos y altinoamericanos, y ha brealizado mas de cien cursos. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una retrospectiva historica de las actividades educativas el INPE, en el area de percpcion remota, desde octubre de 1985 hasta hoy en dia, y presentar las metas futuras que nos proponemos alcanzar 91: FDB-19930816 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6703 91: FDB-19940613 92: FDB-MLR 101: D 83: O segmento do Programa de Microbacias que se desenvolveu nesse projeto refere-se a utilizacao das tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto para o mapeamento do uso da terra/cobertura vegetal da area de estudo, bem como aplicacao de tecnicas computacionais para a integracao de dados do meio fisico, como um dos subsidios a proposicao do plano de uso e manejo de microbacias. A crescente pressao populacional e as multiplas formas de ocupacao territorial, bem como sua dinamicidade, conduzem a grande necessidade de conhecimento da situacao atualizada do tema uso da terra, em termos da sua intensidade e distribuicao espacial. A grande quantidade de informacoes e sua dinamica temporal/espacial sao caracteristicas desse tema que requerem uma fonte de coleta de informacoes que atendam aquelas exigencias de forma agil e de custo relativamente baixo. Nestes termos, as tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto, em especial ao nivel orbital, constituem importante ferramenta que podera ser utilizada adequadamente para essa finalidade. 58: DSM 61: 62: IAC 64: set. <1992> 66: Campinas 67: BR 68: PRE 90: b 18: Microbacias do Corrego Sao Joaquim (municipio de Pirassununga, SP) 40: Pt 41: Pt 42: 1: SID/SCD 2: 6669 3: INPE-6669-PRE/2700 (documento IAC, 29) 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Donzeli, Pedro Paulo 10: Valerio Filho, Mario 10: Pinto, Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira 10: Nogueira,Francisco de Paula 10: Rotta, Carlos Laerte 10: Lombardi Neto, Francisco 12: Tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto aplicadas ao diagnostico basico para planejamento e monitoramento de microbacias hidrograficas 14: 91-119 MFN: 6852 1: SID/SCD 2: 6606 3: INPE-6606-PRE/2643 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Lima, E.R.V.de 10: Kux, Hermann Johann Heinrich 10: Sausen, Tania Maria 12: Sistema de informacoes geograficas e tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto na elaboracao de mapa de riscos de erosao no Sertao de Paraiba 14: 257-263 30: Revista Brasileira Ciencia do Solo 31: 16 32: 2 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 71: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 83: Apresenta-se um metodo de utilizacao de um sistema de informacoes geograficas (SIG)/Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)e de dados de sensoriamento remoto orbital para gerar mapas de suscetibilidade e de risco de erosao do solo. Planos de informacao (PIs)sobre erodibilidade, erosividade, litologia e declividade foram gerados. Estes dados foram integrados no SIG/INPE para obtencao de um mapa de suscetibilidade a erosao. Atraves de dados digitais do TM-Landast, obteve-se um mapa de cobertura vegetal, que, integrado ao de suscetibilidade a erosao, originou o mapa de risco de erosao. Os resultados demonstraram que a utilizacao do SIG/INPE e de imagens orbitais digitais na geracao e integracao dos PIs foi bastante satisfatoria, inclusive se comparada a procedimentos convencionais. Com o metodo proposto, foi possivel elaborar mapas de risco de erosao do solo, principalmente para grandes areas, de forma a utilizar o importante recurso da visao sinotica que oferecem os dados de sensoriamento remoto orbital. 91: FDB-19950130 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6860 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Garcia, G.J. 10: Valerio Filho, Mario. 10: Anderson, P.S 12: Updating maps of soil through Landsat images 14: 949-956 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17 Commission 4 54: 02-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 87: SOLOS 87: MAPS 88: SOILS 83: Soil maps are basic in integrated studies directed toward land managements. Brazil and other developing countries have few areas mapped at adequate scales and definition of soil boundaries. The objective is to analyse the usefulness of spectral characteristics of soils for the improvement of existing maps. Digital processing and statistical analysis of Landsat/TM images in one agricultural region in Sao Paulo state were used to produced a new soils map which was compared it to existing maps. The methodology was successfully utilized in areas without dense vegetative cover (e.g., tilled and prior to major plant growth). The authors believe that the methodology can be applied in many other agricultural regions 91: FDB-19950217 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6861 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Kurkdjian, Maria de Lourdes Neves de Oliveira 10: Blanco, J.G 12: Town netword analysis using orbital remote sensing data 14: 69-71 18: International Archives of Photogrammetru and Remote Sensing 20: 3 21: v.29 PB7 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17 Commission 7 54: 01-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 83: The town network in the region of Paraiba Valley and the North Coast of Sao Paulo State was mapped using basically 1988 TM Landsat data. Positive transparencies were interpreted at the scale of 1:50.000 using an amplifier projector. The cartographic final product was presented at the scale of 1:250.000 using GIS. The urban area expansion was regionally analysed comparing this map to a previous one of 1978 and with other maps related to phisical characteristics of the region and to demographic and socio-economic data. This work was done as part of a major project whose main objective was to develop a method for regional land use planning using remote sensing data MFN: 6863 1: SID/SCD 2: 7693 3: INPE-7693-PRE/3541 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 10: Pereira, Marcos da Costa 10: Pereira, Alfredo da Costa 12: O uso de satelites NOAA na deteccao de queimadas no Brasil 14: 41-53 30: Climanalise 31: 7 32: 8 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: QUEIMADAS 83: O sensoriamento remoto orbital para deteccao de queimadas no Brasil e uma tecnica adequada, considerando a extensao territorial do Pais e a relativa falta de condicoes de controle e fiscalizacao do uso do fogo. Atraves de imagens termais (faixas de 3,7 um)diarias dos satelites meteorologicos da serie NOAA, tem sido possivel, desde 1987, a deteccao de queimadas em tempo quase-real de 01/junho a 30/novembro, epoca da estiagem no Brasil central e sul da Amazonia. Sao monitoradas diariamente mais de uma centena de areas de preservacao federal (p/IBAMA), varias areas estaduais em SP (p/Operacao Mata Fogo/DPRN), a area integral de todos os estados (Operacao Prevfogo/IBAMA), e quadriculas de 1 grau de latitude por 0,5 de longitude que cobrem todo Pais (p/EMBRAPA, NMA),alem dos paises vizinhos. Coordenadas geograficas dos incendios sao transmitidas pelo INPE aos usuarios via telex, fax-simile ou redes de dados, cerca de 30 minutos apos a recepcao das imagens. O uso dos satelites tem permitido acoes de combate a incendios florestais e simples queimadas com rapidez e eficiencia nao conseguidas por outros metodos. Neste trabalho sao resumidos resultados e limitacoes a partir da experiencia dos ultimos anos. Mais de 10.000 focos por dia chegam a ser detectados no Pais no auge do periodo de queimadas, no final de agosto e inicio de setembro; o total anual tem sido superior a 300.000 focos de queimadas. Frentes de fogo menores que 100 metros, ou protegidas sob a espessa vegetacao, e incendios iniciados depois ou terminados antes da passagem do satelite, nao sao detectados. Cerca de 98 83: das queimadas detectadas tem sido comprovadas por equipes de campo. Nas areas de Sao Paulo, mais de 90 83: dos incendios sao detectados apenas via satelite. Em area teste nos cerrados, 26 83: das queimadas ocorridas nao foram detectadas pelo satelite. Ate quatro passagens de satelites diarias podem ser utilizadas. Variacoes na deteccao sao acusadas pela reducao da sensibilidade dos sensores a bordo dos satelites, por sua substituicao cada dois anos, por variacoes orbitais, e por reflexao solar em algumas superficies, em casos muito particulares. O Brasil foi e e pioneiro no uso de satelites na deteccao operacional de queimadas. Esta tecnica revelou a dimensao desconhecida e exagerada do uso do fogo no Pais, alem de seus efeitos nocivos ao meio ambiente; e permitiu seu controle de maneira mais eficaz, que resultou na reducao nos desmatamentos indevidos na Amazonia 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6864 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Martins, M.R. 10: Santo, M.A.dal 10: Mattos, Juercio Tavares de 10: Brandini, F.P. 12: Hydroddynamic modelling by utilizing GIS in Paranagua Bay, Parana, Brazil 14: 42-49 18: International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 20: 8 21: v.29 PB4 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Congress, 17 Commission 4 54: 01-14 Aug. <1992> 56: Washington 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 87: SGI 87: SISTEMAS DE INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA 87: BACIAS HIDROGRAFICAS 87: CIRCULACAO DE AGUA 87: SIG 82: 83: The Paranagua Bay estuary, situated in Parana State, Southern Brazil, has a great importance to the economy of region. Its waters being aim of vast amount of works. This paper utilizes georreferencial databasegeneration and manipulation techniques as well as some phisical parameter statistical analysis water mass. The variables suspending particled matter water transparency, salinity, primary productivity and turbidity were achieved during field works in specific periods of the sazonal cycle. The results analysis and evaluation are displayed below with the suggestion of a proposal for studing the water circulation pattern in that zone 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6865 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Witte, F. 10: Moreira, J. 10: Palme, Ulf Walter 12: Microwave imaging in Brazil 14: 428-430 18: Proceedings 20: 3 21: v.1 53: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 92 54: 26-29 May <1992> 56: Houston 57: US 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 87: SAR 87: RADIOMETRY 83: This paper reports the microwave remote sensing activities in the joint project "Microwave Imaging" between INPE/CTA (Centro Tecnico Aeroespacial)and DLR. The project is based on the program "Assessment of Interventions into Ecosystems by Remote Sensing methods". The aim of the project is the cooperation and further development in microwave remote sensing technology (active and passive systems), including processing. In the field of microwave radiometry, studies on soil moisture and classification were carried out. A new developed Reflectance measurement System is presented. DLR and INPE develop a Real Aperture Radar (SLAR)which is concepted to monitor maritime pollutions, agricultural and rainforest areas. The radar system is being installed on the aircraft Embraer EMB-110B. The concept and the design of the radar system will be described. An experimental Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)Processor is being developed at INPE. Presently the raw data of the Experimental SAR System of DLR (E-SAR)can be processed with high resolution MFN: 6866 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Vila da Silva, Joao dos Santos 10: Kux, Hermann Johann Heinrich 12: Thematic mapper and GIS data integration to evaluate the fooding dynbamics within the Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil 14: 1478-1480 18: Proceedings 20: 3 21: v.2 53: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 92 54: 26-29 May <1992> 56: Houston 57: US 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 83: This paper describes succinctly the methodology and the results obtained from a study on the evaluation of flooding dynamics in a section of the Pantanal, integrating remote sensing and field data in a GIS 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6867 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Paradella, Waldir Renato 12: A GIS and a geobotanical investigation based on TM-Landsat and DEM for geological mapping in the tropical rain forest environment (Brazilian Amazon Region) 14: 631-633 18: Proceedings 20: 3 21: v.1 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 92 54: 26-29 May <1992> 56: Houston 57: US 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 83: This paper discusses aspects of a digital data set implementation and a geobotanical investigation in the heavy densed vegetation environment of the Pojuca area, an Archean copper belt located in the Carajas Mineral Province (Brazilian Amazon Region). The digital data set was constructed based on UTM-registered remote sensing images, a DEM represented by images of elevation, slope and aspect, digitized geology, aerogeophisical and geochemical data and field botanical inputs. So far, the study has only been concentraded on the RS (TM-Landsat)and DEM (elevation and slope)data. This data was analysed through digital image processing techniques (enhancement and thematic classification). The results have shown that the Upland Rain Forest vegetation in the area is mainly controlled by the terrain descriptors which reflect variations in the geology. These variations can be detected in the RS digital images through distinct pattern responses related to physoignomical changes (stratification and density)in the vegetation cover. The investigation has also yielded additional information for the geological model in the area 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6868 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Holben, N.B. 10: Tanre, D. 10: Reagan, J.A. 10: Eck, F.T. 10: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 10: Kaufman, A.Y. 10: Vermoti, E. 10: Vassilion, G.D. 10: Lavenne, F. 12: Tropical intercontinental optical measurement network of aerosol, precipitable water and total column ozone 14: 738-739 18: Proceedings 20: 2 21: v.1 53: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 92 54: 26-29 May <1992> 56: Houston 57: USA 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: A new generation of automatic sunphotometers will be used to systematically monitor clear sky total column aerosol concentration and optical properties, precipitable water and total column ozone diurnally and annually in West Africa and South America beginning in 1992. The instruments are designed to measure direct beam sun, solar aureole and sky radiances in 9 narrow spectral bands from the UV to the near infrared on an hourly basis. This paper describes the projects participanting in the network, the instrumentation, and the algorithms required to reduce the data for subsequent analysis 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6870 1: SID/SCD 2: 7600 3: INPE-7600-PRE/3451 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Artaxo, P. 10: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 12: Emissoes de material particulado de queimadas na floresta amazonica e no cerrado 18: Anais 40: En 41: En 42: 53: Seminario Nacional sobre Incendios Florestais e Queimadas, 1 54: 06-10 abr. <1992> 56: Brasilia 57: BR 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: QUEIMADAS 88: FLORESTAS 82: 83: As queimadas realizadas regularmente na Amazonia e no Cerrado brasileiro tem efeitos sobre composicao da atmosfera e sobre os ciclos naturais de diversos elementos que sao ainda muito pouco compreendidos. Em termos da mat‚ria particulada, grandes emissoes de elementos tracos e nutrientes essenciais ocorrem para a atmosfera. Para sabermos o impacto de queimadas na atmosfera global do planeta. ‚ necess rio identififar e quantificar os processos fisicos d qu¡micos que governam a geracao, transformacao e deposicao de particulas de aerossois em queimadas na atmosfera global do planeta ‚ necessario identificar e quantificar os processos fisicos e quimicos que governam a geracao transformacao e deposicao de particulas de aerossois em queimadas em regioes tropicais. As emissoes de gases e particulas para a atmosfera em regioes tropicais tem um papel fundamental na quimica atmosferica global do planeta, e sao cruciais para o estudos das mudancas atmosfericas globais, al‚m de afetarem a atmosfera a n¡vel regional. Em setembro de 1991 o INPE e o GEPA ( Grupo de Estudos de Poluicao do Ar)do IFUSP realizaram um experimento de coleta de particulas de aerossois utilizando a aeronave Bandeirante do INPE. Foram coletadas particulas emitidas em queimadasnas regioes de Brasilia, Alta Floresta, Bel‚m, Santarem, Manaus, Rondonia e MatoGrosso do Sul. As concentracoes elementares foram medidas com o sistema PIXE (Particle Induced XRay Emission)instalado no Intituto de F¡sica da USP 91: FDB-19920220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6871 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Miranda, Fernando Pelon de 10: Bentz, Cristina Maria 10: Fonseca, L.E.N. 10: Lima, C.C. 10: Nunes, K.C. 10: Costa, A.R.A. 10: Almeida Filho, Raimundo 10: Felgueiras, Carlos Alberto 12: Integracao digital de dados de sensoriamento remoto. aeromagnetometria e topografia na definicao do arcabouco estrutural da regiao do rio Uatuma (bacia do Amazonas) 14: 159-160 18: Boletim de Resumos Expandidos 20: 2 21: v.1 40: Pt 41: Pt 42: 53: Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia, 37 54: <1992> 56: Sao Paulo 57: BR 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: GEOLOGIA 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6872 1: SID/SCD 2: 7468 3: INPE-7468-PRE/3357 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Ward, D.E. 10: Susott, R.A. 10: Kauffman, J.B. 10: Babbitt, R.E. 10: Cummings, D.L. 10: Dias, B. 10: Holben, B.N. 10: Kaufman, Y.J. 10: Rasmunen, R.A. 10: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 12: Smoke and fire characteristics for cerrado and deforestation burns in Brazil: Base-B experiment 14: 14601-14619 30: Journal Geophysical Research 31: 97 32: D13 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: POLUICAO DO AR 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: DESFLORESTAMENTO 87: FOGO 88: QUEIMADAS 82: 83: Fires of the tropical forests and savannas are a major source or particulate matter and trace gases affecting the atnmosphere globally. A paucity of quantitative information exists for these ecosustems with respect to fuel biomass,smoke emissions, and fire behavior conditions affecting the release of emissions. Five test fires were performed during August and September 1990 in the cerrado savannalike region)in central Brazil (three fires)and tropical moist forest (two fires)in the eastern Amazon. Thios paper detaila the gases realeased, the ratios of the gases to each other and to particulate matter,fuel loads and the fraction consumed ( combustion factors), and the fire behavior associated with biomass consumption. Models are presented for evaluating emission factors for CH4, CO2, CO, H2, and particles less than 2.5 um diameter (PM2.5)as a function of combustion efficienty. The ratio of carbon released as CO2 ( combustion efficiency)for the cerrado fires averaged 0.94 and for the deforestation fires it decreased from 0.88 for the flaming phase to <0.80 during fthe smoldering phase of combustion. For tropical ecosystems, emissions of most products of imcomplete combustion are projected to be lower than previous estimales for savanna ecosystems and somewhat higher for fires used for deforestation purposes 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: D MFN: 6873 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 12: Desmatamento: Os numeros falam 14: 6 30: Jornal da Ciencia Hoje 58: DSM 61: 64: mar. <1992> 68: PRE 91: FDB-19950220 92: FDB-MLR 101: d MFN: 6891 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Abdon, Myrian Moura 10: Araujo, D.S.D 12: Comunidades vegetais na Restinga de Macae, RJ, diferenciadas atraves de tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto 18: Resumos 40: Pt 41: pt 42: 53: Simposio sobre Estrutura, Funcionamento e Manejo de Ecossistemas 54: 27-29 maio <1992> 56: Rio de janeiro 57: BR 58: DSM 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: Este trabalho tem como objetivo diferenciar comunidades vegetais estabelecidas na praia, nos cordoes arenosos, nas depressoes entre cordoes e nas lagunas da planice costeira do municipio de Madacae no Estado do Rio deJaneiro, entre a Lagoa de Carapebus e a Lagoa Preta. Dados de imagens digitais de satelite TM/Landsat, nos atributos espectrais bandas: 2,3, 4,5,6 e 7 foram utilizados atraves de tecnicasde realce e classificacao supervisionada. O conjunto de atributos espectrais 2,4 e 7 mostrou ser o mais adequado a separabilidade das comunidades vegetais presentes naareatudada. Os resultados foram comparados com informacoes de campo e foi elaborado um mapa de uso do solo da regiao, na escala 1:50000 onde podem ser observadas areas ocupadas pelas comunidades vegetais da restiga, areas ocupadas por agricultura e, dentro das lagunas areas ocupadas porplantas aquaticas 91: FDB-19950905 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 6892 1: SID/SCD 2: 8199 3: INPE-8199-PRE/3996 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Tardin, Antonio Tebaldi 10: Cunha, Roberto Pereira da 12: The use of Landsat images in the evaluation of deforested areas in the Legal amazon and some of its environment effects: an overview 14: 31-36 30: Revista SELPER 31: 2 32: 2 40: En 41: En 42: 52: INPE/IRSA 53: Word Forest Watch Conference 54: 27-29 May <1992> 56: Sao Jose dos Campos 57: BR 58: DSR 61: 61: 64: jun. <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: DESMATAMENTO 87: FLORESTAS 87: IMAGENS LANDSAT 87: REGIAO TROPICAL 87: MAPEADOR TEMATICO (LANDSAT) 88: DEFORESTATION 88: SATELLITE IMAGERY 88: AMAZON REGION 88: TROPICAL REGIONS 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 82: 83: Regions covered by tropical rainforest in the world are characterized by a low index of human activity and the Amazon region is a typical example. The Amazon Forest is the largest tropical rainforest of the world and occupies approximately 30 83: of the Brazilian territory (Pandolfo,1978)and considerable part of the Guineas, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Equador and Bolivia. Due to the low population and highway densities and the low number of towns, the Brazilian Government has encountered its occupation 91: FBD-19950509 92: FDB-MLR 114: SEM RESUMO MFN: 6894 1: SID/SCD 2: 7627 3: INPE-7627-PRE/3476 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Kaufman, Y.J. 10: Setzer, Alberto Waingort 10: Ward, D. 10: Tanre, D. 10: Holben, B.N. 10: Menzel, P. 10: Pereira, Marco da Costa 10: Rasmussen, R 12: Biomass burning airborne and spaceborne experiment in the Amazon (Base-A) 14: 14581-14599 30: Journal of Geophysical Research 31: 97 32: D13 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DSM 61: 64: Sept. <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: QUEIMADAS 87: BASE-A 87: EXPERIMENTO 82: 83: In the Biomass Burning Airborne and Spaceborne Experiment in the Amazonas ( BASE-A ), conducted in September 1989, trace gas and particulale matter emissions were measured from biomass burning due to deforestation and grassland fires in South America. This information is requires for a better understanding of the environmental impacts of biomass burning in the tropics and to improve algorithms for remote sensing of biomass burning from satellite platforms. The fiels experiment utilized the twin-engine Embraer Bandeirante EMB-101 instrumented aircraft of the Brazilian Institute for Space Research (INPE). Concentrations of ozone,CO2,CO, CH4, and particulate matter were measured from the aircraft. Fires were observed form satelitte imagery and the smoke optical thicknessparticle size,and profiles of the extinction coefficient were measured using sunphotometers in the aircraft and from the ground. Four smoke plumes were sampled,three vertical profiles were measured, and extensive ground measurements were conducted of smoke optical characteritics for different smoke types. The collected data were analyzed for determining the emission ratios and combustion efficiency of a fire to convert the total burned carbon to carbon dioxide and were compares with teh results from fires in North America. Combustion efficienty was foundto be higher in tropics (97 83: for the cerrado and 90 83: for the deforestation fires)with emission factors similar to those of North American fires, for a given combustion efficienty. A strong was found between the spatial distribution of fires (up to 9000 per day in on state)and ozone concentration (up to 80 ppbv)and teween biomass burging and concentration of trace gases, particulate matter and ozone. These relations strongly suggest a correlation between biomass burning in the tropics and ozone formation. An optical model the smoke aerosol was derived applied to radiance measurements. The smoke single scattering albedo was computed from the graphitic carbon concentration( assuming external mode mixture)as 0.90 +- 0.01. The particles effective radii were 0.1 to 0.2 um, expcept for 1-day aged smoke with values up to 0.4 um. Radiance measurements indicate that the width of the particle size distribuition may be smaller in the tropics than for North American fires. The measured optical properties of smoke and the high correlation between emitted trace gases and particles form a basis for remote sensing of radiatively important trace gases and particulate matter from biomass burning using AVHRR imagery 91: FDB-19950511 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 6970 1: SID/SCD 2: 7686 3: INPE-7686-PRE/3534 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Martini, Paulo Roberto 12: Panamazonia project: an executive report 14: 26-30 30: Revista SELPER 31: 8 32: 2 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DSR 61: 64: jun. <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: TRANSFERENCIA DE TECNOLOGIA 87: Projeto Panamozonia 87: coopera‡Æo internacional 87: sistemas de informa‡Æo geogr fica 87: treinamento 88: training 88: geographic information systems 83: Panamazonia Project is a joint effort of South America countries to monitor the Amazonia Forest. In Brazil the Tropical Rainforest has been mapped through the years since 1975 following a methodology where Remote Sensing data and GIS procedures play a key role. The approach defined for Brazilian Amazonia has been adopted by Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guyana. On cooperative basis the project comprising the following steps: i)Selection and generation of LANDSAT CIR frames, 250.000 scale of two periods (1984-1987 and 1988-1991). ii)Transference of GIS technology and implementaton of computer data set in those countries where these procedures are not available. iii)Training of a technical staff to develop the project within each country. 91: FDB-19950731 MFN: 7048 1: SID/SCD 2: 7648 3: INPE-7648-PRE/3498 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Soares, Joao Vianei 10: Shi, J. 10: van Zyl, J. 10: Engman, E. T 12: Estimation of bare soil evaporation using multifrequency airborne SAR 14: 1747-1749 18: Proceedings 20: 3 21: v.2 40: En 41: En 42: 53: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS'92 54: 26-29 May <1992> 56: Houston 57: USA 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: RADAR DE ABERTURA SINTETICA 87: SAR 87: SOLO 83: The optimal radar parameters to estimate soil moisture indicated by past research are C-band, H polarization at steep incidence angles (10 to 20 degrees). Although these parameters minimize effects of roughness and vegetation, the spatial application of space and airborne radar are limited to the near range of the swath. Aiming at the development of algorithms to broaden the range of useful data, an experiment was conducted with NASA/JPL airborne radar polarimeter (P, L and C Bands)in September 1989 in agricultural area near Fresno, California. There were two flights six days apart; ground measurements of soil moisture and surface roughness were taken on both flight dates in eight different fields. Based on first order surface backscattering models, a physically based algorithm for retrieval of soil moisture and surface roughness has been developed. It has been shown that the co-polarization ratio is sensitive to soil moisture but not to soil roughness at high incidence angles (38 to 60 degrees). The derived soil moisture was used to drive a two-layer heat and energy flux model in order to estimate evaporation from bare soils. The estimated values of evaporation for a two-week period are realistic. As the model incorporates time variations in both soil moisture and surface temperature, it could be used in conjunction with values of those parameters periodically estimated using SAR and infrared imagery, providing estimates of bare soil evaporation 91: FDB-19950809 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 7478 1: SID/SCD 2: 6127 3: INPE-6127-TDI/588 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07]528.711.7:551.464 16: Costa, Maycira Pereira de Oliveira 18: Estimativa de clorofila-A em agua costeira utilizando dados do sensor TM/Landsat 19: Costal water chlorophyll estimation using TM/LANDSAT-5 data 20: 206 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Evlyn Marcia Leao de Morais Novo (orientadora); Sonia Maria Flores Gianesella Galvao (orientadora); Mario Valerio Filho; Hilda de Souza Mesquita 58: DSR 59: SER 62: INPE 64: dez. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: ESTUDOS INTEGRADOS DO MEIO AMBIENTE 87: MAPEADORES TEMATICOS (LANDSAT) 87: CLOROFILA 88: THEMATIC MAPPERS (LANDSAT) 88: CHLOROPHYLLS 82: 83: Atraves da caracterizacao do ambiente marinho em relacao a distribuicao de clorofila-a (Cl-a), e possivel identificar fenomenos fisicos do oceano, avaliar a producao primaria, a fotossintese marinha e as trocas de CO2 entre oceano e atmosfera. Como objetivo principal, este trabalho avalia a utilizacao de dados do sensor TM/Landsat para estimativa de concentracao de Cl-a, na presenca de material inorganico em suspensao e organico em solucao na agua, da regiao costeira de Ubatuba-SP. Foram adquiridas amostras de agua em duas datas de coleta, simultaneamente a passagem do satelite. As amostras foram analisadas para obtencao dos seguintes parametros: Cl-a, solidos totais em suspensao, substancia amarela e nutrientes. As imagens de satelite foram previamente corrigidas em relacao aos efeitos atmosfericos e geometricos, e determinados os valores de niveis digitais de uma janela de 3x3 "pixels" das bandas TM1, TM2 e TM3. Para analise dos dados obteve-se uma matriz de correlacao entre os parametros da agua e os dados de sensoriamento remoto. Este conjunto de dados foi submetido a analise de regressao "stepwise", com o objetivo de identificar as melhores bandas que justificam as variacoes de Cl-a. As analises de regressao mostraram que para regiao de Ubatuba, no periodo deste trabalho, a Cl-a e um importante parametro optico que caracteriza os dados TM, principalmente nas bandas TM2 e TM3. A regressao "stepwise" gerou um algoritimo para estimativa de Cl-a estatisticamente confiavel, onde obteve-se um R ajustado de 0.83. Este algoritimo foi aplicado nas duas imagens, resultando em um erro entre Cl-a observada e estimada de 19.6 83: e 24.4 83: , respectivamente. A aplicacao do algoritimo sobre uma imagem teste resultou em um erro de 39 83: . Estes resultados mostram a capacidade do sensor TM em estimar Cl-a na regiao de estudo, possibilitando assim, a obtencao da distribuicao espacial de Cl-a 91: FDB-19970522 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 7490 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Barros Neto, Oton Osorio de 18: Estimativa de evapotranspiracao para a cultura do milho: uma tecnica de modelagem utilizando sensoriamento remoto para ajuste 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre 58: Banca: Joao Vianei Soares (orientador); Ariovaldo Luchiari Junior (orientador); Getulio Teixeira Batista; Jose Carlos Neves Epiphanio; Adil Rainer Alves 58: DSR 59: SER 62: INPE 64: jan.<1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: MILHO 87: DOSSEL (VEGETACAO) 87: EVAPOTRANSPIRACAO 87: TEMPERATURA 87: RADIOMETRIA 88: CANOPIES (VEGETATION) 88: TEMPERATURE 88: RADIOMETERS 88: MAIZE 88: EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 83: Dados obtidos atraves de sensoriamento remoto vem sendo utilizados em modelos de interface solo-vegetacao-atmosfera para calculos dos diversos fluxos de energia que nela ocorrem. Uma parametrizacao eficiente desta interface foi descrita em Deardorff (1978). Este modelo leva em consideracao o dossel da vegetacao, procurando uma divisao adequada dos fluxos de energia entre o solo e a vegetacao atraves de uma parametrizacao eficiente da resistencia do dossel a difusao de vapor de agua. No presente trabalho foi utilizada a parametrizacao supracitada para a cultura do milho Zea mays L., cv BR 106, com vistas na estimativa de evapotranspiracao. Tecnicas de sensoriamento remoto, no caso medidas de temperatura radiometrica do dossel, foram usadas para ajuste do modelo. As estimativas de evapotranspiracao provenientes do modelo comparam-se coerentemente a medidas de evapotranspiracao potencial para o periodo estudado 91: FDB-19970523 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 7501 58: Banca: Getulio Teixeira Batista (orientador); Eduardo Delgado Assad (orientador), Antonio Roberto Formaggio; Jeronimo dos Santos Travelho, Hilton Silveira Pinto 58: SPG 59: SER 62: INPE 64: out. <1992> 66: Sao Jose dos Campos 67: BR 68: TDI 90: b 76: AGRONOMIA 87: SOJA 87: REFLECTANCIA BIDIRECIONAL 87: DOSSEL (VEGETACAO) 88: SOYBEAN 88: BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE 88: CANOPIES (VEGETATION) 83: Os modelos de transferencia radiativa, aplicados ao estudo do comportamento espectral de dosseis agricolas, constituem em uma poderosa ferramenta auxiliar para a utilizacao das tecnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto na agricultura. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado o desempenho dos modelos SUITS e SAIL, atraves da comparacao do Fator de Reflectancia Bidirecional (FRB)calculado pelos modelos, com aquele medido em experimento de campo sobre a cultura de soja (Glycine max (L.)Merrill). De acordo com os resultados desta pesquisa, chegou-se as seguintes conclusoes: a)Os dois modelos tiveram tendencias de comportamento semelhantes, porem o SAIL foi superior ao SUITS, principalmente na faixa do vermelho e do infravermelho proximo; b)Para o modelo SAIL, a regressao linear simples entre o FRB medido e o calculado forneceu valores de r de 0,77 para comprimentos de onda no centro da faixa de 740 nm a 861 nm; c)Os modelos estudados nao dependem da densidade do dossel na vertical; d)Atraves de uma analise de sensibilidade verificou-se que dos dados de entrada para o modelo SAIL, a distribuicao angular de folhas e as propriedades espectrais destas necessitam de uma boa precisao, para que os resultados sejam satisfatorios 91: FDB-19970523 92: FDB-MLR 1: SID/SCD 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Antunes, Mauro Antonio Homem 18: Evaliacao dos modelos Suits e Sail no estudo da reflectancia da soja (Glycine max (L.)Merrill) 19: Evaluation of suits and sail models for soybean (Glycine max (L.)Merrill)canopy reflectance study 40: Pt 41: Pt 41: En 42: 50: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 51: Mestre MFN: 7679 1: SID/SCD 2: 6368 3: INPE-6368-PRE/4232 4: SRE 5: MC 6: am 7: [07] 10: Palme, Ulf 10: Gruener, Konrad 12: Sistema de medida do coeficiente de reflexao de alvos em 32/90 GHz 40: Pt 41: Pt 42: 53: Encontro sobre Medidas de Microondas e Optoeletronica, 3 (SBMO) 54: out. <1992> 56: Sao Jose dos campos 57: BR 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: Objetivos: 1)Possibilitar medidas do coeficiente de reflexao de alvos (solo, produtos quimicos - oleo - concreto, etc.)em laboratorio sob condicoes controladas, em funcao de frequencia, polarizacao e do angulo de incidencia; 2)estudo do comportamento espectral de alvos como subsidio a interpretacao de imagens calibradas em 32/90 e 140 Ghz de radiometros imageadores aerotransportados (SCANNERS); 3)estimativa, por inversao, de a partir de uma medida radiometrica (coef. reflexao ou temperatura de brilho) 91: FDB-19970620 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 7688 91: FDB-19970707 92: FDB-MLR 83: In linear, three-dimensional, continuously stratified equatorial -plane ocean models with arbitrary and western boundaries the shallow water equations for each vertical mode must be solved numerically in the horizontal variables. This paper introduces a new numerical method of solution for the time-Fourier transformed shallow water equations with slip boundary conditions at boundaries of arbitrary geometry. The method is based on a boundary integral equation (BIE)for the pressure pertubation response to the specified wind-stress forcing field. All other dependent variables are expressed as boundary functionals of the pressure pertubation. The kernels of all functionals are constructed from the Green's function for the Laplace Tidal Equation on the -plane and its derivatives. The efficient computation of these kernels from their exact meridional mode representations may be performed by use of asymptotic methods especially developed for the numerical evaluation of functions expressed as slowly converging series of Hermite functions. The solution of the basic BIE and the computation of the boundary functionals involve the discretization of the ocean boundaries into a number of boundary segments (boundary elements). It is shown that the terms of the BIE involving the wind-stress field over the ocean may be reduced to a boundary integral, which effectively reduces the simulation problem to the solution of a one-dimensional BIE. The method incorporates the ocean physics through the relationship between the coastal pressure field and the basin-wide variables, pointing out to the possibility that the dynamic topography of the ocean may be estimated directly from the wind-stress field and coastal sea-level data 58: DSR 61: 64: <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 30: Journal of Marine Research 31: 50 32: 1 40: En 41: En 42: 1: SID/SCD 2: 6332 3: INPE-6332-PRE/2420 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Vianna, Marcio L. 10: Holvorcem, Paulo R. 12: Integral equation approach to tropical ocean dynamics: PartI - Theory and computational methods 14: 1-31 MFN: 7702 1: SID/SCD 2: 6351 3: INPE-6351-PRE/2427 4: SRE 5: S 6: as 7: [07] 10: Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino D'Avila 10: Erthal, Guaraci Jose 12: Image registration by sequential tests of hypotheses: the relationship between gaussian and binomial models 14: 259-264 30: Computer Graphics 31: 16 32: 3 40: En 41: En 42: 58: DPI 61: 64: Fall <1992> 68: PRE 90: b 83: In previous papers [1,2], a method for treating translational image registration problems by sequential tests of hypotheses was presented. Two types of statistical models were used to describe the accumulated error between the images to be registered, namely, a Gaussian and a binomial model. The proposed method successfully registered a LANDSAT image against noisy versions of itself, different channels of the same image as well as images taken 6 months apart. In this paper, relationships between both models are established. First, by assuming that both images to be registered are Gaussian and one image is essentially a noisy version of the other, and that both images are thresholded at the mean value, a derivation is made of the probability curve of the binary error being equal to one, at the registration point, versus the signal-to-noise ratio. Second, by assuming that the cross correlation between the signals in both images is auto-regressive of order one and separable, the set of probability curves of the binary error being equal to one versus the distance from registration point is derived. Third, under the same assumptions of the previous case, the set of curves relating the error variance versus the displacement is also obtained. The curves, for the second and third cases, are described for different values of the correlation coefficients in both directions and of the signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, a comparison between the theoretical curves and the experimental results is performed 91: FDB-19970728 92: FDB-MLR MFN: 7867 91: FDB-19980126 92: FDB-MLR 1: SID/SCD 2: 6510 3: INPE-6510-TAE/29 4: SRE 5: T 6: m 7: [07] 16: Krug, Thelma 18: Statistical approaches to the estimation of missing values arising in remotely sensed data 20: 369 40: En 41: En 42: 50: University of Sheffield. Department of Probability and Statistics 51: Doutor 58: OBT 64: Feb. <1992> 68: TAE 90: b 83: This dissertation concerns the estimation of missing values arising in remotely sensed from optical systems. Missing values in this kind of data usually arise from the failure of one, or more, of the system detectors, or from the presence of thick clouds at the time of imaging. A through investigation of all the known existing methods to estimate missing remotely sensed data is carried out, and new approaches, and methods, are suggested. The estimates obtained from simple methods, which can be implemented on a routine basis to replace missing values on the imagery, are contrasted with those from more complex methods, to see if the implementation of more sophisticated methods is warranted. The methods are applied to real TM Landsat 5 data, from two distinct areas in Brazil, and their performances evaluated for a set of statistical measures, and visually. These results give a good insight into where the methods fail to perform well, which may be useful in the development of other methods. The estimation of missing values arising from the presence of thick clouds has received very little attention in the literature. Several methods are proposed and evaluated in the estimation of a clumped set of missing sites, such as occurs with thick, small, cloud cover in remote sensing with optical sensor systems. The results here might be useful to clarify the extent to which good estimates of the missing values occurring in clusters, can be expected. The loss of information on the parameters for a Gaussian univariate process on a rectangular lattice is also discussed, and exact and approximate formulae for this loss given for some spatial processes